Table 1.
Pre-diagnosis demographic characteristics of esophageal adenocarcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma cases and matched controls.
| Adenocarcinoma | Squamous Cell Carcinoma | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
|
||||||
| Characteristic | Cases (n=81) |
Matched Controls (n=160a) |
p | Cases (n=25) |
Matched Controls (n=50) | p |
| Sexb (%) | 1.00c | 1.00c | ||||
|
| ||||||
| Women | 7.4 | 7.5 | 60.0 | 60.0 | ||
| Men | 92.6 | 92.5 | 40.0 | 40.0 | ||
|
| ||||||
| Ageb (mean ± SD) | 68.0 ± 6.7 | 68.0 ± 6.6 | 0.95d | 66.6 ± 6.5 | 66.8 ± 6.4 | 0.83d |
|
| ||||||
| Raceb (%) | 1.00c | 1.00c | ||||
|
| ||||||
| White | 97.5 | 97.5 | 84.0 | 84.0 | ||
| Other | 2.5 | 2.5 | 16.0 | 16.0 | ||
|
| ||||||
| BMIe (%) | 0.38c,f | 0.07c,f | ||||
|
| ||||||
| Normal weight | 22.2 | 21.9 | 52.0 | 38.0 | ||
| Overweight | 50.6 | 55.6 | 36.0 | 32.0 | ||
| Obese | 21.0 | 13.8 | 4.0 | 26.0 | ||
| Missing | 6.2 | 8.8 | 8.0 | 4.0 | ||
|
| ||||||
| Smoking (%) | 0.12c | 0.36c | ||||
|
| ||||||
| Never | 25.9 | 36.9 | 36.0 | 44.0 | ||
| Current | 9.9 | 5.0 | 16.0 | 6.0 | ||
| Former | 64.2 | 58.1 | 48.0 | 50.0 | ||
|
| ||||||
| Alcohol drinkingg (%) | 0.20c,f | 0.004c,f | ||||
|
| ||||||
| Never | 21.0 | 25.6 | 24.0 | 26.0 | ||
| Moderate | 51.9 | 53.1 | 32.0 | 54.0 | ||
| Heavy | 17.3 | 9.4 | 36.0 | 6.0 | ||
| Missing | 9.9 | 11.9 | 8.0 | 14.0 | ||
|
| ||||||
| Fruit and vegetable intakeh (%) | 0.85c,f | 1.00c,f | ||||
|
| ||||||
| Low | 44.4 | 42.5 | 48.0 | 48.0 | ||
| High | 43.2 | 45.6 | 40.0 | 38.0 | ||
| Missing | 12.3 | 11.9 | 12.0 | 14.0 | ||
There were two incomplete case sets (1 case: 1 control).
Sex, age, and race were matching factors.
Differences between cases and controls were detected using the Chi-squared test.
Differences between cases and controls were detected using the Wilcoxon rank-sum test .
Normal-weight: BMI < 25 kg/m2; Overweight: 25 ≤ BMI < 30 kg/m2; Obese: BMI ≥ 30 kg/m2.
P-value determined after exclusion of those missing the variable.
Moderate drinker: >0 but ≤1 drinks/day for women, and >0 but ≤2 drinks/day for men; Heavy drinker: >1 drinks/day for women, and >2 drinks/day for men.
Low and high intake groups reflect participants below or above cohort-specific median of servings of fruit and vegetables/day. CPS-II median=4.62 servings/day; PLCO median=6.10 servings/day.