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. 2017 Dec 8;7:509. doi: 10.3389/fcimb.2017.00509

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Copyright © 2017 Honig Mondekova, Sima, Urbanova, Kovar, Rego, Grubhoffer, Kopacek and Hajdusek.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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Pre-treatment of hemolymph with methylamine (MA), but not ixoderin KDs affects phagocytosis of Borrelia. Tick hemocytes after MA pre-treatment (A) or ixoderin KD (B) were incubated in vitro with B. afzelii CB43. At least five independent slides with hemocytes were analyzed for each of three biological replicates. The phagocytic index in (A) was determined as the ratio of phagocytic vs. non-phagocytic hemocytes, and the level of phagocytosis in (B) was set as 100% in the dsGFP control. (Uninjected) untreated hemolymph, (GLY) glycine pre-treatment (control), (MA) MA pre-treatment. Dashed line in (B) indicates phagocytosis level after MA treatment. Two asterisks indicate p-value < 0.001.