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. 2017 Dec 12;7:17460. doi: 10.1038/s41598-017-17663-w

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© The Author(s) 2017

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Patients’ outcomes after transplantation of tissue-engineered oral epithelial cell sheets after oesophageal endoscopic submucosal dissection. No patients withdrew from the study. Four patients developed oesophageal stricture and underwent endoscopic balloon dilation (#2, #4, #8, and #9). Refractory luminal stricture, which is defined as more than 5 sessions of balloon dilation, occurred in only one patient (#8) following ESD and cell sheet transplantation. Three patients underwent additive radiotherapy combined with chemotherapy after complete mucosal healing of post-ESD ulceration (#1, #7, and #9). Black squares demonstrate endoscopic balloon dilations. CRT, chemoradiotherapy.