Table 3.
The differences in the Doctor Job Stress Scale, psychosocial stress (BEPSI-K), sleep quality (PSQI), depression (CES-D), and anxiety scale (STAI-S) according to Sociodemographic characteristics
| Variables | Doctor job stress | Psychosocial stress (BEPSI-K) |
Sleep quality (PSQI) |
Depression scale (CES-D) |
Anxiety scale (STAI-S) |
||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mean | SD | p-value | Mean | SD | p-value | Mean | SD | p-value | Mean | SD | p-value | Mean | SD | p-value | |
| Sex | 0.4637 | 0.4004 | 0.5297 | 0.9048 | 0.9129 | ||||||||||
| Male | 3.24 | 0.51 | 2.04 | 0.56 | 5.34 | 2.89 | 15.64 | 9.81 | 43.01 | 10.20 | |||||
| Female | 3.19 | 0.59 | 2.02 | 0.59 | 5.08 | 3.11 | 15.47 | 9.51 | 43.16 | 9.84 | |||||
| Socioeconomic status | 0.2882 | 0.0018 †* | 0.3047 | < 0.0001 †* | < 0.0001 †* | ||||||||||
| High | 3.26 | 0.58 | 1.86 | 0.52 | 4.85 | 2.64 | 11.69 | 9.12 | 38.49 | 8.24 | |||||
| Middle | 3.21 | 0.53 | 2.08 | 0.56 | 5.37 | 3.03 | 16.59 | 9.20 | 44.22 | 9.78 | |||||
| Low | 3.44 | 0.21 | 2.64 | 0.62 | 6.60 | 3.91 | 27.80 | 15.24 | 58.20 | 15.01 | |||||
| Income | 0.3765 | 0.0004 †* | 0.0655* | < 0.0001 †* | < 0.0001 †* | ||||||||||
| High | 3.20 | 0.51 | 1.88 | 0.53 | 5.03 | 2.86 | 12.25 | 8.69 | 39.89 | 8.40 | |||||
| Middle | 3.21 | 0.57 | 2.05 | 0.56 | 5.07 | 2.93 | 16.28 | 9.73 | 43.46 | 10.31 | |||||
| Low | 3.33 | 0.49 | 2.31 | 0.56 | 6.25 | 3.11 | 20.33 | 9.33 | 48.28 | 10.29 | |||||
| Exercise frequency | 0.9608 | 0.8905 | 0.6094 | 0.4523 | 0.6533 | ||||||||||
| No exercise | 3.24 | 0.52 | 3.20 | 0.59 | 4.82 | 2.51 | 15.62 | 9.00 | 43.67 | 9.27 | |||||
| 1–2 times/week | 3.23 | 0.53 | 3.28 | 0.62 | 5.43 | 2.80 | 15.63 | 9.70 | 43.20 | 9.88 | |||||
| 3–4 times/week | 3.21 | 0.61 | 3.25 | 0.59 | 5.37 | 3.63 | 14.65 | 9.96 | 41.67 | 11.13 | |||||
| ≥ 5 times/week | 3.14 | 0.36 | 3.23 | 0.59 | 5.50 | 3.70 | 20.63 | 13.03 | 45.38 | 12.22 | |||||
| Alcohol drinking | 0.5327 | 0.3609 | 0.0187 †* | 0.0061 †* | 0.0003 †* | ||||||||||
| None | 3.21 | 0.53 | 3.20 | 0.61 | 4.75 | 3.08 | 14.26 | 10.52 | 41.40 | 10.50 | |||||
| ≤ 3/month | 3.18 | 0.59 | 3.19 | 0.59 | 4.81 | 2.66 | 13.44 | 7.28 | 40.33 | 8.07 | |||||
| 1–2 times/week | 3.24 | 0.50 | 3.34 | 0.58 | 5.97 | 2.92 | 18.23 | 9.36 | 46.57 | 9.97 | |||||
| ≥ 3 times/week | 3.37 | 0.49 | 3.36 | 0.61 | 6.22 | 3.07 | 18.83 | 12.11 | 46.70 | 11.05 | |||||
| Smoking status | 0.0229 †* | 0.8549 | 0.1947 | 0.5014 | 0.3956 | ||||||||||
| Smoking | 3.36 | 0.37 | 3.24 | 0.51 | 5.82 | 2.54 | 16.54 | 9.84 | 44.31 | 9.18 | |||||
| No smoking | 3.20 | 0.56 | 3.25 | 0.62 | 5.15 | 3.03 | 15.39 | 9.68 | 42.80 | 10.24 | |||||
| Marital status | 0.0254 †* | 0.5241 | 0.7798 | 0.1007 | 0.0069 †* | ||||||||||
| Unmarried | 3.14 | 0.61 | 3.24 | 0.68 | 5.48 | 2.79 | 18.04 | 9.40 | 46.66 | 10.38 | |||||
| Married | 3.23 | 0.51 | 3.24 | 0.58 | 5.16 | 3.05 | 14.70 | 9.79 | 41.78 | 9.76 | |||||
| Divorced, Separated, Bereaved | 3.83 | 0.46 | 3.61 | 0.43 | 6.17 | 1.47 | 20.50 | 4.85 | 48.50 | 8.31 | |||||
| Other | 3.56 | 3.33 | . | 6.00 | . | 17.00 | . | 53.00 | |||||||
| Occupational status | 0.0156 †* | 0.2370 | 0.8883 | 0.1544 | 0.0929* | ||||||||||
| Private outpatient clinic practitioner | 3.20 | 0.51 | 3.25 | 0.57 | 5.20 | 2.98 | 14.68 | 9.71 | 41.86 | 9.69 | |||||
| Professor | 3.44 | 0.58 | 3.58 | 0.40 | 6.50 | 2.38 | 21.75 | 11.87 | 46.75 | 8.18 | |||||
| Resident | 3.45 | 0.48 | 3.21 | 0.64 | 5.77 | 2.35 | 17.92 | 7.01 | 46.00 | 7.12 | |||||
| Hospital employed dentist | 3.41 | 0.53 | 3.43 | 0.65 | 5.43 | 2.61 | 18.30 | 9.66 | 47.37 | 10.94 | |||||
| Clinic employed dentist | 3.21 | 0.59 | 3.09 | 0.56 | 4.73 | 3.15 | 13.13 | 6.06 | 43.60 | 6.41 | |||||
| Other | 2.88 | 0.65 | 3.05 | 0.73 | 5.25 | 3.91 | 18.00 | 12.35 | 42.56 | 14.63 | |||||
| Working time per day | 0.0024 †* | 0.0005 †* | 0.2277 | 0.0010 †* | < 0.0001 †* | ||||||||||
| 4–8 h | 3.07 | 0.61 | 3.10 | 0.62 | 5.27 | 3.32 | 14.12 | 9.98 | 40.08 | 10.53 | |||||
| 8–10 h | 3.28 | 0.46 | 3.35 | 0.55 | 5.15 | 2.73 | 15.91 | 9.19 | 44.18 | 9.39 | |||||
| ≥ 10 h | 3.51 | 0.52 | 3.17 | 0.61 | 5.68 | 2.58 | 17.95 | 8.28 | 46.63 | 6.07 | |||||
| Other | 3.67 | 5.00 | . | 11.00 | . | 50.00 | . | 78.00 | |||||||
| Job satisfaction | 0.0001 †* | < 0.0001 †* | 0.0001 †* | < 0.0001 †* | < 0.0001 †* | ||||||||||
| Satisfied | 3.12 | 0.56 | 2.91 | 0.52 | 4.25 | 2.48 | 10.06 | 6.91 | 37.15 | 7.95 | |||||
| Not bad | 3.22 | 0.49 | 3.36 | 0.53 | 5.64 | 3.16 | 17.28 | 9.30 | 45.07 | 9.51 | |||||
| Unsatisfied | 3.65 | 0.54 | 3.84 | 0.54 | 6.74 | 2.28 | 25.65 | 8.83 | 52.74 | 7.81 | |||||
BEPSI-K, Brief Encounter Psychosocial Instrument Korean version; CES-D, Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale; N, number of participants; PSQI, Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index; SD, standard deviation; STAI-S, State-Trait Anxiety Index situation-related state anxiety
†; p-value <0.05
*; p-value <0.1 (confounding factors for multiple regression analysis)
The statistical analysis was performed by an independent sample t-test or one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA)