Table 1.
Baseline characteristics of cases and non-cases in the Malmö Diet and Cancer Study cardiovascular cohort
| Cases n = 145 (%) |
Non-cases n = 4765 (%) |
p-valuea | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Sex | 0.037 | ||
| - Men | 71 (49.0) | 1921 (40.1) | |
| - Women | 74 (51.0) | 2844 (59.9) | |
| Age (years) | 61.3 ± 7.0 | 57.4 ± 5.9 | <0.001 |
| Age quartiles | <0.001 | ||
| 45.8–52.4 years | 22 (15.2) | 1205 (25.3) | |
| 52.4–57.8 years | 26 (17.9) | 1202 (25.2) | |
| 57.8–62.7 years | 34 (23.4) | 1194 (25.1) | |
| 62.7–68.1 years | 63 (43.5) | 1164 (24.4) | |
| Body Mass Index (kg/ m2) | 26.2 ± 3.9 | 25.6 ± 3.9 | 0.032 |
| Body Mass Index ≤25 kg/m2 > | 0.155 | ||
| - ≤ 25 kg/m2 | 63 (43.4) | 2356 (49.4) | |
| - > 25 kg/m2 | 82 (56.6) | 2409 (50.6) | |
| Education | 0.732 | ||
| - > 10 years | 42 (29.0) | 1335 (28.0) | |
| - ≤ 10 years | 103 (71.0) | 3425 (71.9) | |
| - Missing | 0 (0) | 5 (0.1) | |
| Physical activity | 0.439 | ||
| - Highc | 38 (27.3) | 1182 (24.5) | |
| - Lowerc | 105 (71.3) | 3555 (74,9) | |
| - Missing | 2 (1.4) | 28 (0.6) | |
| Alcohol intake | 0.832 | ||
| - Zero | 26 (17.9) | 742 (15.6) | |
| - < 15 g/d for women and <20 g/d for men | 91 (62.8) | 3088 (64.8) | |
| - 15–30 g/d for women and 20–40 g/d for men | 21 (14.5) | 757 (15.9) | |
| - > 30 g/d for women and >40 g/d for men | 7 (4.8) | 173 (3.6) | |
| - Missing | 0 (0) | 5 (0.1) | |
| Smoking | 0.023 | ||
| - Current | 31 (21.4) | 1307 (27.4) | |
| - Ex | 65 (44.8) | 1556 (32.7) | |
| - Never | 49 (33.8) | 1900 (39.9) | |
| - Missing | 0 (0) | 2 (0.04) |
aCalculated with Chi-square test for categorical variables and with T-test for the continuous variables
Physical activity was defined as high when in the highest quartile of the whole group, and lower when in the three lower quartiles [14]
Values are number of individuals and percentage or mean and standard deviation. p < 0.05 was considered statistically significant