Environmental isolates |
Soil |
100% (n=47) from Finland positive for NTM20
|
|
Water |
35% from US and Finland positive for NTM, 10% from DRC and Kenya positive for NTM21
|
|
Potable water |
45% of hospital water from US and Finland positive for NTM22
|
Asymptomatic infection, healthy individuals |
Skin tests |
Similar rates of NTM positivity in US, Finland, Kenya and Trinidad24
|
|
Antibody |
Increasing IgG to M. avium with age among tuberculin-negative US children25
|
|
Antibody |
Increasing IgG to M. avium with age among BCG-negative UK children26
|
Symptomatic disease, AIDS patients |
Blood culture |
M. avium bacteremia rates 10–20% in Finland and US vs. 2–8% in Kenya and Trinidad27
|