Table 1.
Characteristics of HIV+ women and their infants
| 6 weeks Postpartum N=260§ |
9 months Postpartum N=238§ |
Overall N=498§ |
||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| n or Median | (% or IQR) | n or Median | (% or IQR) | n or Median | (% or IQR) | |
| Mothers | ||||||
| Age (years) | 27 | (24–32) | 28 | (24–33) | 28 | (24–32) |
| Years of education | 8 | (7–11) | 8 | (7–12) | 8 | (7–11) |
| Number of people in home | 4 | (4–5) | 5 | (4–6) | 4 | (4–6) |
| Partner HIV positive | 112/158 | (70.9) | 116/164 | (70.7) | 228/322 | (70.8) |
| CD4 count (cells/mm3) | 430α | (324–576) | 550ε | (368–720) | 483θ | (346–643) |
| Combination ART | 168 | (64.6) | 145 | (60.9) | 313 | (62.9) |
| Cough (past 24 hours) | 47 | (18.1) | 47 | (19.7) | 94 | (18.9) |
| Cough > 2 weeks | 13 | (5.0) | 18 | (7.6) | 31 | (6.2) |
| Fever | 43 | (16.5) | 29 | (12.2) | 72 | (14.5) |
| Fever > 2 weeks | 12 | (4.6) | 11 | (4.6) | 23 | (4.6) |
| Weight loss | 28 | (10.8) | 26 | (10.9) | 54 | (10.8) |
| Night sweats | 29/259 | (11.2) | 16 | (6.7) | 45/497 | (9.1) |
| Fatigue | 70/259 | (27.0) | 53 | (22.3) | 123/497 | (24.7) |
| Anorexia | 51 | (19.6) | 47 | (19.7) | 98 | (19.7) |
| Hemoptysis | 0/256 | (0.0) | 1/236 | (0.4) | 1/492 | (0.2) |
| Positive WHO TB symptom screen* | 82 | (31.5) | 83 | (34.9) | 165 | (33.1) |
| Any TB symptom** | 123 | (47.3) | 109 | (45.8) | 232 | (46.6) |
| History of TB | 24 | (9.2) | 31 | (13.0) | 55 | (11.0) |
| Years since TB | 4.5β | (2.5–6.5) | 3ζ | (2–5) | 4ι | (2–6) |
| TB exposure | 33/256 | (12.9) | 19/228 | (8.3) | 52/484 | (10.7) |
| Isoniazid preventive therapy | 6/33 | (18.2) | 2/19 | (10.5) | 8/52 | (15.4) |
| Infants | ||||||
| Sex (male) | 131 | (50.4) | 113/238 | (47.5) | 244 | (49.0) |
| Birth weight (kg) | 3.1γ | (2.8–3.5) | 3.3η | (2.8–3.5) | 3.2κ | (2.8–3.5) |
| BCG vaccination | 256/259 | (98.8) | 237 | (99.6) | 493/497 | (99.2) |
| BCG scar | 214/259 | (82.6) | 235 | (98.7) | 449/497 | (90.3) |
| Breastfed (primarily) | 245/254 | (96.5) | 38 | (16.2) | 283/489 | (57.9) |
| Weight-for-age Z score | −0.37δ | (−1.1–0.42) | −0.32 | (−1.2–0.64) | −0.32λ | (−1.2–0.51) |
| Received antiretroviral prophylaxis | 251 | (96.5) | 232 | (97.5) | 483 | (97) |
| HIV infected | 12/251 | (4.8) | 10/213 | (4.7) | 22/464 | (4.7) |
| Hospitalization | 8 | (3.1) | 27 | (11.3) | 35 | (7.0) |
| Tuberculosis | 0/8 | (0.0) | 0/27 | (0.0) | 0/35 | (0.0) |
| Cough | 65/259 | (25.0) | 94 | (39.5) | 159/497 | (31.9) |
| Fever | 38/259 | (14.7) | 73 | (30.7) | 111/497 | (22.3) |
| Difficulty breathing | 27 | (10.4) | 22 | (9.2) | 49 | (9.8) |
| Anorexia | 6 | (2.3) | 30 | (12.6) | 36 | (7.2) |
*
WHO TB symptom screen defined as any cough, fever, weight loss or night sweats reported
**
Any TB symptom: to include any cough, fever, weight loss, night sweats, fatigue, anorexia, or hemoptysis
§
Total N, except where otherwise noted;
α
N=153;
β
N=24;
γ
N=220;
δ
N=259;
ε
N=167;
ζ
N=31;
η
N=200;
θ
N=320;
ι
N=55;
κ
N=420;
λ
N=497