Table 3.
Multivariable associations of socio-demographic characteristics and lifestyle factors with LEISURE sitting time (h/day)
| Leisure sitting time | Total sample | Chinese | Malay | Indian |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| n = 9384 | n = 4722 | n = 2385 | n = 2246 | |
|
B (95% CI)
p-value |
B (95% CI)
p-value |
B (95% CI)
p-value |
B (95% CI)
p-value |
|
| Age | ||||
| 21-30a | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| 31–40 | −0.19 (−0.29,-0.09) <0.001 | −0.20 (−0.35,-0.05) 0.010 | −0.38 (−0.58,-0.18) <0.001 | 0.03 (−0.18,0.24) 0.771 |
| 41–50 | −0.35 (−0.46,-0.25) <0.001 | −0.33 (−0.49,-0.17) <0.001 | −0.71 (−0.91,-0.51) <0.001 | −0.05 (−0.26,0.15) 0.616 |
| 51–60 | −0.33 (−0.44,-0.21) <0.001 | −0.36 (−0.53,-0.19) <0.001 | −0.50 (−0.74,-0.27) <0.001 | −0.06 (−0.29,0.16) 0.587 |
| 61+ | −0.51 (−0.68,-0.34) <0.001 | −0.40 (−0.64,-0.17) <0.001 | −0.89 (−1.24,-0.53) <0.001 | −0.38 (−0.73,-0.04) 0.029 |
| Gender | ||||
| Malea | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Female | −0.11 (−0.17,-0.04) 0.003 | −0.13 (−0.22,-0.04) 0.005 | −0.05 (−0.20,0.09) 0.474 | −0.10 (−0.25,0.04) 0.163 |
| Ethnicity | ||||
| Chinesea | 0 | – | – | – |
| Malay | −0.01 (−0.09,0.07) 0.815 | – | – | – |
| Indian | −0.18 (−0.26,-0.11) <0.001 | – | – | – |
| Marital Status | ||||
| Marrieda | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Never Married | 0.20 (0.11,0.28) <0.001 | 0.21 (0.09,0.32) <0.001 | 0.08 (−0.11,0.27) 0.400 | 0.23 (0.04,0.41) 0.016 |
| Separated/Divorced/Widowed | 0.17 (0.04,0.30) 0.012 | 0.05 (−0.16,0.26) 0.672 | 0.28 (0.03,0.54) 0.031 | 0.18 (−0.05,0.4) 0.118 |
| Highest education | ||||
| No Formal/PSLEa | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Secondary/O/N/ITE/NTC | −0.04 (−0.12,0.04) 0.313 | 0.01 (−0.11,0.14) 0.846 | −0.11 (−0.26,0.05) 0.174 | −0.04 (−0.19,0.12) 0.646 |
| A’level/Polytech/Diploma | −0.03 (−0.13,0.08) 0.612 | 0.09 (−0.05,0.24) 0.207 | 0.00 (−0.21,0.21) 0.972 | −0.23 (−0.43,-0.03) 0.023 |
| University and above | −0.06 (−0.17,0.05) 0.266 | 0.07 (−0.08,0.22) 0.384 | −0.02 (−0.35,0.31) 0.915 | −0.27 (−0.48,-0.06) 0.012 |
| Smoking | ||||
| Noa | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Former | 0.05 (−0.06,0.16) 0.375 | 0.03 (−0.13,0.19) 0.716 | 0.20 (−0.02,0.42) 0.069 | −0.04 (−0.28,0.20) 0.762 |
| Yes | 0.20 (0.12,0.29) <0.001 | 0.15 (0.02,0.28) 0.028 | 0.28 (0.13,0.44) <0.001 | 0.19 (0.03,0.36) 0.023 |
| Total Caloric Intake (Kcal/day) | ||||
| 1st quartilea | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| 2nd quartile | −0.01 (−0.09,0.07) 0.849 | −0.03 (−0.14,0.08) 0.609 | 0.02 (−0.15,0.19) 0.816 | −0.02 (−0.20,0.16) 0.840 |
| 3rd quartile | 0.05 (−0.03,0.13) 0.226 | 0.10 (−0.02,0.21) 0.096 | −0.06 (−0.23,0.11) 0.522 | 0.05 (−0.13,0.23) 0.583 |
| 4th quartile | 0.10 (0.01,0.18) 0.025 | 0.11 (−0.01,0.23) 0.067 | 0.02 (−0.15,0.18) 0.830 | 0.12 (−0.06,0.30) 0.180 |
| Moderate-to-vigorous LTPA (MET-h/week) | ||||
| 0a | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| > 0 - ≤ 10.7 | 0.09 (0.01,0.16) 0.019 | 0.03 (−0.08,0.13) 0.595 | 0.11 (−0.04,0.25) 0.154 | 0.16 (0.01,0.31) 0.031 |
| > 10.7 | 0.07 (−0.01,0.14) 0.088 | 0.01 (−0.10,0.12) 0.873 | 0.04 (−0.11,0.19) 0.595 | 0.14 (0.00,0.29) 0.058 |
Bold numbers represent statistically significant findings
All models are corrected for total working time in hours per day
h hours, ITE Institute of Technical Education, Kcal Kilocalorie, LTPA Leisure Time Physical Activity, MET Metabolic Equivalent of Task, NTC National Technical Certificate, O/N O and N levels, PSLE Primary School Leaving Exam, 12 years old, B Beta, CI Confidence Interval
areference category