Table 2.

Association of early (day 0) hyaluronic acid levels with degree of end organ dysfunction

Outcome	Source	β (95% CI)a	p	β (95% CI)b	p
Lung injury score	Serum	0.35 (0.05–0.65)	0.02	0.30 (0.02–0.57)	0.04
	BALFc	0.31 (0.11–0.50)	0.002	0.27 (0.09–0.45)	0.003
Ventilator-free daysd	Serum	-0.59 (-1.21–0.03)	0.06	-0.47 (-1.10–0.15)	0.14
	BALFc	-0.09 (-0.51–0.33)	0.67	-0.15 (-0.58–0.27)	0.47
SOFAe	Serum	3.89 (2.18–5.61)	<0.001	4.02 (2.30–5.74)	<0.001
	BALFc	0.42 (-0.85–1.69)	0.52	0.72 (-0.56–2.00)	0.27

SOFA sequential organ failure assessment score, BALF bronchoalveolar fluid,

^aLinear regression between log₁₀-transformed day-0 hyaluronic acid concentration and respective outcome measure (in units of lung injury score, quartiles of ventilator-free days, or units of SOFA)

^bMultiple linear regression adjusted for age, sex, race, treatment group, and acute respiratory distress syndrome etiology

^cTwo patients did not have day-0 BALF samples (n = 84)

^dVentilator-free days were analyzed as quartiles, given the skewed distribution