Table 3.

Association of early (day 0) hyaluronic acid levels with components of LIS

Lung injury score componenta	Source	β (95% CI)b	p	β (95% CI)c	p
Chest radiographd	Serum	-0.15 (-0.54–0.24)	0.44	-0.25 (-0.63–0.14)	0.21
	BALFe	-0.05 (-0.30–0.20)	0.69	-0.08 (-0.33–0.17)	0.53
Hypoxemiaf	Serum	0.66 (0.19–1.12)	0.006	0.57 (0.11–1.03)	0.02
	BALFe	0.57 (0.28–0.86)	<0.001	0.56 (0.28–0.85)	<0.001
Positive end-expiratory pressure	Serum	0.77 (0.16–1.38)	0.01	0.76 (0.16–1.35)	0.01
	BALFe	0.57 (0.17–0.96)	0.006	0.46 (0.07–0.85)	0.02
Respiratory system complianceg	Serum	0.005 (-0.35–0.36)	0.98	0.02 (-0.31–0.36)	0.89
	BALFe	0.09 (-0.14–0.32)	0.43	0.04 (-0.17–0.26)	0.69

LIS lung injury score, BALF bronchoalveolar fluid

^aSee Additional file 1: Table S1 for scoring of composite LIS via individual end-organ components

^bLinear regression between log₁₀-transformed day-0 hyaluronic acid concentration and respective outcome measure (in units of LIS)

^cMultiple linear regression adjusted for age, sex, race, treatment group, and acute respiratory distress syndrome etiology

^dOne patient did not have a chest radiograph available to interpret

^eTwo patients did not have day-0 BALF samples (n = 84)

^fTwo patients did not have blood gas data available (n = 84)

^gNine patients did not have compliance data available (n = 77)