Table 1.
Characteristics Associated With Macrolide Prescribing Among Pediatric and Adult Physician Office Visits Resulting in an Antibiotic, 2008–2011
| Characteristic | Pediatric Visits | Adults Visits | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Visits in Which Macrolides Were Selected (95% CI), % | AOR (95% CI) | Visits in Which Macrolides Were Selected (95% CI), % | AOR (95% CI) | |
| Age, y | ||||
| 0–2 | 16 (13–19) | 1.00 | N/A | N/A |
| 3–9 | 23 (20–27) | 1.63 (1.24–2.13) | N/A | N/A |
| 10–19 | 27 (24–30) | 1.97 (1.51–2.58) | N/A | N/A |
| 20–64 | N/A | N/A | 22 (20–23) | 1.00 |
| ≥65 | N/A | N/A | 17 (14–21) | 0.88 (0.68–1.13) |
| Diagnosis | ||||
| Macrolides firstline | 54 (41–66) | 1.00 | 43 (34–51) | 1.00 |
| Macrolides not firstline | 17 (15–20) | 0.16 (0.09–0.27) | 17 (15–19) | 0.23 (0.15–0.36) |
| Antibiotics unnecessary | 31 (27–36) | 0.35 (0.21–0.60) | 22 (20–25) | 0.40 (0.25–0.65) |
| Region | ||||
| Northeast | 25 (20–31) | 1.00 | 27 (21–33) | 1.00 |
| Midwest | 19 (16–23) | 0.67 (0.46–0.97) | 20 (17–22) | 0.57 (0.40–0.81) |
| South | 23 (20–28) | 1.00 (0.69–1.45) | 18 (16–20) | 0.58 (0.40–0.84) |
| West | 22 (17–28) | 0.88 (0.55–1.42) | 20 (17–24) | 0.69 (0.45–1.06) |
| Specialty | ||||
| Pediatrics | 21 (18–24) | 1.00 | N/A | N/A |
| Internal medicine | N/A | N/A | 23 (20–27) | 1.00 |
| Family/general practice | 30 (26–35) | 1.42 (1.05–1.94) | 25 (23–27) | 1.17 (0.89–1.53) |
| Other specialtya | 19 (16–24) | 0.64 (0.46–0.88) | 13 (10–17) | 0.46 (0.32–0.66) |
| Sex | ||||
| Male | 23 (20–26) | 1.00 | 21 (18–23) | 1.00 |
| Female | 22 (20–25) | 0.93 (0.78–1.12) | 20 (19–22) | 0.99 (0.84–1.17) |
| Insurance | ||||
| Private | 24 (21–27) | 1.00 | 22 (20–24) | 1.00 |
| Nonprivateb | 22 (19–25) | 0.85 (0.69–1.05) | 18 (16–20) | 0.79 (0.65–0.95) |
| Race | ||||
| White | 23 (20–25) | 1.00 | 20 (18–22) | 1.00 |
| Nonwhite | 23 (19–27) | 0.91 (0.71–1.17) | 23 (19–27) | 1.28 (1.01–1.62) |
| Gender | ||||
| Male | 23 (20–26) | 1.00 | 21 (18–23) | 1.00 |
| Female | 22 (20–25) | 0.93 (0.78–1.12) | 20 (19–22) | 0.99 (0.84–1.17) |
| Metropolitan statistical area | ||||
| Nonmetropolitan | 21 (17–27) | 1.00 | 20 (17–23) | 1.00 |
| Metropolitan | 23 (20–25) | 1.25 (0.92–1.70) | 21 (19–22) | 1.11 (0.88–1.40) |
| Year | ||||
| 2008 | 22 (18–27) | 18 (16–21) | ||
| 2009 | 22 (18–27) | 19 (17–22) | ||
| 2010 | 23 (19–27) | 22 (18–27) | ||
| 2011 | 23 (20–28) | 22 (18–26) | ||
Abbreviations: AOR, adjusted odds ratio; CI, confidence interval.
aInternal medicine visits for children and pediatric visits for adults were classified as Other specialty.
bIncludes Medicare, Medicaid, Children’s Health Insurance Plan, self-pay, and other nonprivate insurance.