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. 2017 Nov 21;8(2):355–384. doi: 10.5598/imafungus.2017.08.02.09

Table 1.

Information regarding isolates used in this study. GenBank accession numbers are listed in Table S1.

Isolate identificationd
 Isolate origins
(Sub)cladea Speciesb Papillac CH CBS ATCC IMI WPC MG Typee Host or Substrate Location Year Reference
1a P. cactorum P 22E6 P10194 p25 Rhododendron sp. Ohio, USA n.a.f (Schröter 1886)
22E7 16693 21168 P0715 p6 n.a. UK n.a.
22E8 16694, MYA-3653 50470 P10193 p7 Malus sp. Zimbabwe n.a.
P. hedraiandra P 33F3 MYA-4165 p225 Rhododendron sp. Minnesota, USA 2002 (de Cock & Lévesque 2004)
38C2 Irrigation water Virginia, USA 2006
62A5 111725 P19523 T Viburnum sp. The Netherlands 2001
P. idaei P 34D4 971.95 MYA-4065 313728 P6767 p220 T Rubus idaeus Scotland, UK 1987 (Kennedy & Duncan 1995)
62A1 968.95 A Rubus idaeus Scotland, UK 1985
P. pseudotsugae P 52938 331662 P10339 T Psendotsuga menziesii Oregon, USA n.a. (Hamm & Hansen 1983)
P. aff. hedraiandra P 33F4 p226 Rhododendron sp. Minnesota, USA 2003 n.a.
P. aff. pseudotsugae P 29B3 p185 A Psendotsuga menziesii Oregon, USA 1975 n.a.
1b P. clandestina P 32G1 347.86 58713, 60438 278933 P3943 p200 T Trifolium subterraneum Australia 1985 (Taylor et al. 1985)
33D8 MYA-4064 287317 p215 A Trifolium subterranea Australia 1985
38D4 p304 n.a. Australia n.a.
P. iranica P 61J4 374.72 60237 158964 P3882 p218 T Solanum melongena Iran 1969 (Ershad 1971)
P. tentaculata P 29F2 552.96 P8497 A Chrysanthemum leucanthemum Germany n.a. (Kröber & Marwitz 1993)
30D5 Bacopa sp. The Netherlands 2004
30G8 MYA-3655 Argyranthemum frutescens Germany 2004
1c P. andina SP 60A2 p460 A Solanum betaceum Ecuador n.a. (Oliva et al. 2010)
60A3 p461 A Solanum betaceum Ecuador n.a.
P13365 T Solanum brevifolium Ecuador 2001
P. infestans SP 27A8 Solanum tuberosum Mexico 1992 (De Bary 1876)
P10650 Solanum tuberosum Mexico n.a.
P. ipomoeae SP 31B4 P10226 A Ipomoea longipedunculata Mexico n.a. (Flier et al. 2002)
31B5 109229 P10225 T Ipomoea longipedunculata Mexico 1999
31B6 P10227 A Ipomoea longipedunculata Mexico n.a.
P. mirabilis SP 30C1 64069, MYA-4062 P3006 p145 A Mirabilis jalapa Mexico n.a. (Galindo-A & Hohl 1985)
30C2 64070, MYA-4063 P3007 p153 A Mirabilis jalapa Mexico n.a.
P. phaseoli SP 23B4 p106 Phaseolus lunatus Delaware, USA 2000 (Thaxter 1889)
35B6 Phaseolus sp. Delaware, USA 2000
P10145 Phaseolus lunatus Delaware, USA n.a.
P10150 Phaseolus lunatus Delaware, USA n.a.
1 P. nicotianae P 22F9 15410, MYA-4037 p23 Nicotiana tabacum North Carolina, USA n.a. (Breda de Haan 1896)
22G1 15409, MYA-4036 p22 Nicotiana tabacum North Carolina, USA n.a.
P10116 Metrosideros excelsa California, USA 2002
P1452 Citrus sp. California, USA n.a.
2a P. botryosa P 22H8 MYA-4059 p44 Heavae sp. Thailand n.a. (Chee 1969)
46C2 26481 p384 A Hevea brasiliensis Thailand n.a.
62C6 581.69 136915 P3425 T Hevea brasiliensis Malaysia 1966
130422 P6945 Hevea brasiliensis Malaysia 1986
P. citrophthora P 03E5 p132 Irrigation water Virginia, USA 2000 (Smith & Smith 1906)
26H3 p31 n.a. n.a. n.a.
P. colocasiae SP 22F8 MYA-4159 p47 Colocasia esculenta n.a. 1992 (Raciborski 1900)
35D3 p276 Colocasia esculenta Hawaii, USA 2005
P. himalsilva P 61G2 128767 T Quercus leucotricophora Nepal 2005 (Vettraino et al. 2011)
61G3 128753 A Quercus leucotricophora Nepal 2005
P. meadii P 22G5 MYA-4043 p75 Citrus sp. India 1992 (McRae 1918)
61J9 219.88 129185 Hevea brasiliensis India 1987
P. occultans SP 65B9 101557 T Buxus sempervirens The Netherlands 1998 (Man In’t Veld et al. 2015)
P. terminalis SP 65B8 133865 T Pachysandra terminalis The Netherlands 2010 (Man In’t Veld et al. 2015)
P. aff. citrophthora P 26H4 p32 A n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a.
342898 P10341 A Syringa sp. England, UK 1990
P. aff. himalsilva P 61G4 128754 A Castanopsis sp. Nepal 2005 n.a.
P. sp. 46C3 n.a. 46C3 66767 P6713 p385 A Hevea brasiliensis Malaysia n.a. n.a.
P. sp. P6262 n.a. P6262 A Hevea brasiliensis India n.a. n.a.
P. sp. P6310 n.a. P6310 A Theobroma cacao Indonesia n.a. n.a.
2b P. capsici P 22F4 15399, MYA-4034 p8 A Capsicum annum New Mexico, USA 1948 (Leonian 1922)
46012 P0253 Theobroma cacao Mexico 1964
121656 P10386 Cucumis sativus Michigan, USA 1997
P. glovera SP 31E5 p167 A Nicotiana tabacum Brazil n.a. (Abad et al. 2011)
62B4 121969 P11685 T Nicotiana tabacum Brazil 1995
P. mengei SP 42B2 MYA-4554 p340 T Persea americana California, USA n.a. (Hong et al. 2009)
42B3 MYA-4555 p341 A Persea americana California, USA n.a.
P. mexicana P 45G4 554.88 46731 92550 P0646 p355 Solanum lycopersicum Argentina n.a. (Hotson & Hartge 1923)
P. siskiyouensis SP 41B7 122779 MYA-4187 P15122 T Stream water Oregon, USA 2003 (Reeser et al. 2007)
41B8 A Soil Oregon, USA 2003
P. tropicalis P 22H5 p27 Vanila sp. Tahiti n.a. (Aragaki & Uchida 2001)
35C8 434.91 76651, MYA-4218 p272 T Macadamia integrifolia Hawaii, USA n.a.
P. aff. capsici P 22F5 15427, MYA-4035 p9 Nicotiana tabacum North Carolina, USA n.a. n.a.
P. sp. brasiliensis n.a. 46705 P0630 A Theobroma cacao Brazil 1969 (Oudemans & Coffey 1991)
2c P. acerina SP 61H1 133931 T Acer pseudoplatanus Italy 2010 (Ginetti et al. 2014)
61H2 A Soil Italy 2010
P. capensis SP 62C1 128319 P1819 T Curtisia dentata South Africa n.a. (Bezuidenhout et al. 2010)
62C2 128320 P1822 A Stream water South Africa n.a.
62C3 128321 P1823 A Olea campensis South Africa 1986
P. citricola SP 33H8 221.88 60440 21173 P0716 p396 T Citrus sinensis Taiwan 1987 (Sawada 1927)
33J2 295.29 p375 A Citrus sp. Japan 1929
P. multivora SP 55C5 124094 T Soil Western Australia, Australia 2007 (Scott et al. 2009)
P. pachypleura SP 61H6 A Soil UK 2006 (Henricot et al. 2014)
61H7 502404 T Acuba japonica UK 2008
61H8 A Soil UK 2009
P. pini SP 22F1 MYA-3656 p53 A Rhododendron sp. West Virginia, USA 1987 (Hong et al. 2011)
45F1 64532 p343 T Pinus resinosa Minnesota, USA 1925
P. plurivora SP 22E9 MYA-3657 p101 Kalmia latifolia Western Australia, Australia 1998 (Jung & Burgess 2009)
22F2 p52 Rhododendron sp. cv. “Olga Mezitt” New York, USA n.a.
33H9 379.61 Rhododendron sp. Germany 1958
P. sp. 22F3 SP 22F3 p33 A n.a. Ohio, USA n.a. n.a.
P. sp. 28D1 SP 28D1 p119 A Fagus sylvatica New York, USA n.a. n.a.
28D3 p121 A Fagus sylvatica New York, USA n.a.
P. sp. citricola VIII SP 27D9 A Unidentified leaf Hainan, China n.a. n.a.
P. sp. pini-like SP 56G1 A Taxus sp. Pennsylvania, USA 2011 n.a.
P. taxon emzansi SP 61F2 A Agathosma betulina South Africa 2005 (Bezuidenhout et al. 2010)
61F3 A Agathosma betulina South Africa 2005
2d P. bisheria SP 29D2 Rubus idaeus cv. Canby Wisconsin, USA 1989 (Abad et al. 2008)
31E6 122081 P10117 T Fragaria ×ananassa North Carolina, USA 1999
P1620 Rhododendron sp. North Carolina, USA n.a.
P. elongata SP 33J3 A n.a. Australia 1995 (Rea et al. 2010)
33J4 A n.a. Australia 1995
55C4 125799 T Soil Western Australia, Australia 2004
P. frigida P 47G6 A Eucalyptus smithi South Africa n.a. (Maseko et al. 2007)
47G7 A Eucalyptus smithi South Africa n.a.
47G8 T Eucalyptus smithi South Africa 2001
2e P. multivesiculata SP to NP 29E3 545.96 P10410 T Cymbidium sp. The Netherlands n.a. (Ilieva et al. 1998)
30D4 A Cymbidium sp. The Netherlands n.a.
P. taxon aquatilis SP 38J5 MYA-4577 A Stream water Virginia, USA 2006 (Hong et al. 2012)
3 P. ilicis SP 23A7 56615, MYA-3897 P3939 p113 Ilex sp. Canada n.a. (Buddenhagen & Young 1957)
34D6 Quercus sp. Germany 1999
62A7 114348 T Ilex aquifolium The Netherlands n.a.
P. nemorosa SP 28J3 MYA-4061 p141 Umbellularia californica California, USA n.a. (Hansen et al. 2003)
41C4 MYA-2948 p320 T Lithocarpus densiflorus California, USA n.a.
P. pluvialis SP 60B3 MYA-4930 T Rainwater Oregon, USA 2008 (Reeser et al. 2013)
P. pseudosyringae SP 30A8 111772 MYA-4222 p284 T Quercus robur Germany 1997 (Jung et al. 2003)
30B1 Pp285 A Quercus robur Germany 1997
P. psychrophila SP 29J5 803.95 T Quercus robur Germany 1995 (Jung et al. 2002)
29J6 MYA-4083 p288 A Quercus ilex France 1996
4 P. alticola P 47G5 121939 P16948 A Eucalyptus dunnii South Africa n.a. (Maseko et al. 2007)
P. arenaria P 55C2 127950 T Soil Western Australia, Australia 2009 (Rea et al. 2011)
62B7 125800 A Soil Western Australia, Australia 2009
P. megakarya P 22H7 MYA-4040 p42 Theobroma cacao Africa n.a. (Brasier & Griffin 1979)
61J5 238.83 42100 202077 T Theobroma cacao Cameroon n.a.
61J6 239.83 42099 106327 A Theobroma cacao Nigeria n.a.
P. palmivora P 22G8 MYA-4039 P10213 p65 Citrus sp. Florida, USA n.a. (Butler 1910)
22G9 MYA-4038 p26 Theobroma cacao Costa Rica n.a.
P. quercetorum P 15C7 Soil South Carolina, USA 1997 (Balci et al. 2008)
15C8 Soil South Carolina, USA 1997
P. quercina P 30A4 783.95 A Quercus robur Germany 1995 (Jung et al. 1999)
30A5 784.95 MYA-4084 T Quercus robur Germany 1995
30A7 Quercus sp. Serbia 2003
P. sp. ohioensis n.a. P16050 A Soil Ohio, USA 2006 n.a.
5 P. agathidicida P 67D5 T Agathis australis New Zealand 2006 (Weir et al. 2015)
P. castaneae P 22H6 MYA-4060 p45 Castanea sp. Japan n.a. (Katsura 1976)
30E7 Soil Hainan, China n.a.
61J7 587.85 36818 325914 T Soil Taiwan n.a.
P. cocois P 67D6 T Cocos nucifera Hawaii, USA 1990 (Weir et al. 2015)
P. heveae P 22J1 180616 p28 T Heavae sp. Malaysia n.a. (Thompson 1929)
22J2 16701, MYA-3895 p17 soil Tennessee, USA 1964
6a P. gemini NP 46H1 123382 A Zostera marina The Netherlands 1999 (Man in’t Veld et al. 2011)
46H2 123383 A Zostera marina The Netherlands 1999
P. humicola NP 32F8 200.81 52179, MYA-4080 P3826 p198 T Soil Taiwan 1976 (Ko & Ann 1985)
32F9 P6702 p199 A Phaseolus vulgaris Taiwan n.a.
P. inundata NP 30J3 390121 p291 T Olea sp. Spain 1996 (Brasier et al. 2003b)
30J4 389751 p298 T Salix matsudana UK 1972
P8619 Pistacia vera Iran n.a.
P. rosacearum NP 22J9 MYA-3662 p82 A Prunus sp. California, USA 1987 (Hansen et al. 2009)
41C1 p321 A Prunus sp. California, USA n.a.
47J1 MYA-4456 T Malus domestica California, USA n.a.
P. sp. 48H2 NP 48H2 A Stream water Virginia, USA 2008 n.a.
P. sp. 62C9 NP 62C9 A Stream water Taiwan 2013 n.a.
P. sp. personii n.a. P11555 A Nicotiana tabacum North Carolina, USA n.a. n.a.
P. taxon walnut NP 40A7 A Irrigation water Virginia, USA 2006 (Brasier et al. 2003a)
43G1 A Irrigation water Virginia, USA 2007
6b P. amnicola NP 61G6 131652 T Stream water Western Australia, Australia 2009 (Crous et al. 2012)
62C5 133867 Pachysandra sp. The Netherlands n.a.
P. bilorbang NP 61G8 131653 T Soil Western Australia, Australia 2010 (Aghighi et al. 2012)
P. borealis NP 60B2 132023 MYA-4881 T Stream water Alaska, USA 2008 (Hansen et al. 2012)
P. crassamura NP 66C9 A Picea abies Italy 2012 (Scanu et al. 2015)
66D1 140357 T Soil Italy 2011
P. fluvialis NP 55B6 129424 T Stream water Western Australia, Australia 2009 (Crous et al. 2011)
P. gibbosa NP to SP 55B7 A Soil Western Australia, Australia 2009 (Jung et al. 2011)
62B8 127951 T Soil Western Australia, Australia 2009
P. gonapodyides NP 21J5 46726 p117 Water England, UK n.a. (Buisman 1927, Petersen 1910)
34A8 554.67 60351 P6872 Reservoir water n.a. 1967
P. gregata NP 55B8 A Soil Western Australia, Australia 2009 (Jung et al. 2011)
62B9 127952 T Soil Western Australia, Australia 2009
P. lacustris NP 61D6 A Soil Germany 2003 (Nechwatal et al. 2013)
61D8 A Soil Germany 2003
NP 61E1 A Soil Germany 2006
389725 P10337 T Salix matsudana England, UK 1972
P. litoralis NP 55B9 127953 T Soil Western Australia, Australia 2008 (Jung et al. 2011)
P. megasperma NP 62C7 402.72 58817 32035 P3599 T Althaea rosea Washington DC, USA 1931 (Drechsler 1931)
P. mississippiae NP to SP 57J1 A Irrigation water Mississippi, USA 2012 (Yang et al. 2013)
57J2 A Irrigation water Mississippi, USA 2012
57J3 MYA-4946 T Irrigation water Mississippi, USA 2012
57J4 A Irrigation water Mississippi, USA 2012
P. ornamentata NP 66D2 140647 T Soil Italy 2012 (Scanu et al. 2015)
66D3 A Soil Italy 2012
P. pinifolia NP 47H1 122924 T Pinus radiata Chile 2007 (Duran et al. 2008)
47H2 122922 A Pinus radiata Chile 2007
P. riparia NP 60B1 132024 MYA-4882 T Stream water Oregon, USA 2006 (Hansen et al. 2012)
P. thermophila NP 55C1 127954 T Soil Western Australia, Australia 2004 (Jung et al. 2011)
P. ×stagnum NP 36H8 A Irrigation water Virginia, USA 2006 (Yang et al. 2014c)
36J7 A Irrigation water Virginia, USA 2006
43F3 MYA-4926 T Irrigation water Virginia, USA 2007
44F9 A Irrigation water Virginia, USA 2007
P. sp. 26E1 NP 26E1 p116 A Malus domestica New York, USA n.a. n.a.
P. sp. canalensis n.a. P10456 A Canal water California, USA 2002 n.a.
P. sp. delaware NP 63H4 A Pond water Delaware, USA 2014 n.a.
63H7 A Pond water Delaware, USA 2014
P. sp. gregata-like NP 22J5 16698 p16 A n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a.
P. sp. megasperma-like NP 23A1 p81 A Prunus sp. California, USA n.a. n.a.
23A3 MYA-3660 p79 A Actinidia chinensis California, USA 1987
6 P. asparagi NP 33D7 384046 A Asparagus officinalis New Zealand 1980 (Crous et al. 2012)
62C4 132095 MYA-4826 T Asparagus officinalis Michigan, USA 2006
P. sp. sulawesiensis n.a. P6306 A Syzygium aromaticum Indonesia 1989 n.a.
7a P. attenuata NP 67C5 T Soil Taiwan 2013 (Jung et al. 2017)
P. europaea NP 30A3 Quercus sp. France 1998 (Jung et al. 2002)
34C2 Quercus sp. Germany 1999
62A2 109049 T Soil France 1998
P. flexuosa NP 67C3 T Soil Taiwan 2013 (Jung et al. 2017)
P. formosa NP 67C4 T Soil Taiwan 2013 (Jung et al. 2017)
P. fragariae NP 22G6 11374 P3570 p114 Fragaria ×ananassa Maryland, USA n.a. (Hickman 1940)
30C5 Fragaria ×ananassa Virginia, USA n.a.
61J3 209.46 181417 P6231 T Fragaria ×ananassa England, UK n.a.
P. intricata NP 67B9 T Soil Taiwan 2013 (Jung et al. 2017)
P. rubi NP 30D7 p186 A Rubus sp. Australia n.a. (Man in ‘t Veld 2007)
41D5 Rubus sp. Norway 2005
46C7 90442 p389 T Rubus idaeus cv. "Glen Clova" Scotland, UK n.a.
P. uliginosa NP 62A3 109054 P10413 T Soil Poland 1998 (Jung et al. 2002)
62A4 109055 P10328 A Soil Germany 1998
P. ×alni NP 32J6 392317 MYA-4081 p205 A Alnus glutinosa France 1996 (Brasier et al. 2004, Husson et al. 2015)
32J7 392318 p206 A Alnus sp. Austria 1996
47A7 392314 T Alnus sp. UK 1994
47A8 A Alnus sp. The Netherlands n.a.
P. ×cambivora NP 22F6 46719, MYA-4076 p64 Abies sp. Oregon, USA n.a. (Buisman 1927, Jung et al. 2017)
26F8 MYA-4075 p38 n.a. New York, USA n.a.
P. ×heterohybrida NP 67C1 T Stream water Taiwan 2013 (Jung et al. 2017)
P. ×incrassata NP 67C2 T Stream water Taiwan 2013 (Jung et al. 2017)
P. sp. europaea SW NP 33F7 p229 A Soil West Virginia, USA 2005 n.a.
7b P. asiatica NP 45G1 90455 p352 A Robinia pseudoacacia Jiangsu, China n.a. (Rahman et al. 2014a)
46C6 56194 p388 A Robinia pseudoacacia Jiangsu, China n.a.
61H3 133347 T Pueraria lobata Japan 2005
P. cajani NP 33D9 p214 Cajanus cajani India n.a. (Amin et al. 1978)
45F6 44389 p348 A Cajanus cajani India n.a.
45F7 44388 P3105 p349 T Cajanus cajani India n.a.
P. melonis NP 32F6 MYA-4079 P1371 p196 A Cucumis sativus China n.a. (Katsura 1976)
41B4 p318 A Cucumis sativus Iran n.a.
45F3 582.69 52854 T Cucumis sativus Japan n.a.
P. niederhauserii NP 01D5 p312 A Irrigation water Virginia, USA 2000 (Abad et al. 2014)
23J6 MYA-4163 p57 A Unknown ornamental Israel n.a.
31E7 P10617 p169 A Thuja occidentalis North Carolina, USA 2001
P. pisi NP 60A4 T Pea Sweden 2009 (Heyman et al. 2013)
60A5 A Pea Sweden 2009
P. pistaciae NP 33D6 MYA-4082 386658 p216 T Pistacia vera Iran 1986 (Mirabolfathy et al. 2001)
41A9 p314 A Pistacia vera Iran n.a.
P. sojae NP 22D8 312.62 16705, MYA-3899 131375 p19 Glycine max Ontario, Canada 1959 (Kaufmann & Gerdemann 1958)
28F9 p236 Glycine max Mississippi, USA 1970
P. vignae NP 45G6 46735 p357 A Glycine max n.a. n.a. (Purss 1957)
45G9 64832 316196 P3420 p379 Vigna unguiculata Sri Lanka n.a.
46C1 112.76 64129 p380 Vigna sinensis n.a. n.a.
7c P. cinnamomi NP 23B1 15400, MYA-4057 p10 Camellia japonica South Carolina, USA n.a. (Rands 1922)
23B2 15401, MYA-4058 p11 Persea americana Puerto Rico 1960
61J1 144.22 46671 22938 P2110 T Cinnamomum burmannii Indonesia 1922
P. parvispora NP 30G9 MYA-4078 p178 A Beaucarnea sp. Germany 1991 (Scanu et al. 2014)
46F6 A Beaucarnea sp. Germany 1992
66C7 132771 A Arbutus unedo Italy 2008
66C8 132772 T Arbutus unedo Italy 2011
P. sp. ax NP 46H5 A Ilex glabra cv. “Shamrock” Virginia, USA 2008 n.a.
7d P. fragariaefolia NP 61H4 135747 T Fragaria ×ananassa Japan 2005 (Rahman et al. 2014b)
P. nagaii NP 61H5 133248 T Rosa sp. Japan 1968 (Rahman et al. 2014b)
8a P. cryptogea NP 61H9 113.19 180615 P1738 T Solanum lycopersicum Ireland n.a. (Pethybridge & Lafferty 1919)
P. drechsleri NP 15E5 Soil South Carolina, USA 1997 (Tucker 1931)
15E6 Soil South Carolina, USA 1998
23J5 292.35 46724 P1087 p41 T Beta vulgaris var. altissima California, USA n.a.
P10331 Gerbera jamesonii New Hampshire, USA 2003
P. erythroseptica NP 61J2 129.23 34684 P1693 T Solanum tuberosum Ireland n.a. (Pethybridge 1913)
P. medicaginis NP 23A4 MYA-3900 p37 Medicago sativa Ohio, USA n.a. (Hansen & Maxwell 1991)
28F1 44390 P1057 p124 Medicago sativa California, USA 1975
P. pseudocryptogea NP 52402 P3103 Solanum marginatum Ecuador n.a. (Safaiefarahani et al. 2015)
P. richardiae NP 31E8 P10355 p170 Zantedeschia sp. Japan 1989 (Buisman 1927)
45F5 240.30 60353, 46734 325930 p347 T Zantedeschia aethiopica USA n.a.
P10811 Zantedeschia aethiopica Japan 1989
P. sansomeana NP 47H3 MYA-4455 T Glycine sp. Indiana, USA n.a. (Hansen et al. 2009)
47H4 A Glycine sp. Indiana, USA n.a.
47H5 A Glycine sp. Indiana, USA n.a.
P. trifolii NP 29B2 MYA-3901 p142 A Trifolium vesiculosum Mississippi, USA 1978 (Hansen & Maxwell 1991)
62A9 117687 T Trifolium sp. Mississippi, USA n.a.
P. aff. cryptogea NP 22G2 308.62 15402, MYA-4161 325907 p12 Aster sp. California, USA n.a. n.a.
P. aff. erythroseptica NP 22J4 MYA-4041 p50 n.a. Ohio, USA n.a. n.a.
33A1 p207 Solanum tuberosum Maine, USA 2004
P. sp. kelmania NP 24A7 MYA-4162 p102 A Abies concolor West Virginia, USA 1998 n.a.
31E4 P10613 p166 A Abes fraseri North Carolina, USA 2002
8b P. brassicae SP 29D8 686.95 A Brassica oleracea The Netherlands 1995 (Man in’t Veld et al. 2002)
61J8 179.87 P7517, P19521 T Brassica oleracea The Netherlands 1986
P. cichorii SP 62A8 115029 T Cichorium intybus var. foliosum The Netherlands 2004 (Bertier et al. 2013)
P. dauci SP 61E5 127102 T Daucus carota France 2009 (Bertier et al. 2013)
32E5 Duscus carota France 2004
32E6 P10728 Duscus carota France 2004
32E7 p194 Duscus carota France 2004
P. lactucae SP 61F4 T Lactuca sativa Greece 2001 (Bertier et al. 2013)
61F7 A Lactuca sativa Greece 2002
61F8 A Lactuca sativa Greece 2003
P. primulae SP 29E9 620.97 p286 Primula acaulis Germany 1997 (Tomlinson 1952)
29F1 p287 Primula sp. The Netherlands 1998
P. aff. brassicae-2 n.a. 112968 P6207 A Allium cepa Switzerland n.a. n.a.
P. aff. cichorii SP 61E3 133815 A Cichorium intybus var. foliosum UK 1999 n.a.
P. sp. 29E7 SP 29E7 A Allium porrum The Netherlands n.a. n.a.
P. taxon castitis SP 61E7 131246 A Fragaria ×ananassa Sweden 1995 (Bertier et al. 2013)
P. taxon parsley SP 61G1 A Petroselinum crispum Greece 2006 (Bertier et al. 2013)
8c P. foliorum SP 49J8 121655 MYA-3638 P10974 T Rhododendron sp. Tennessee, USA 2004 (Donahoo et al. 2006)
P. hibernalis SP 22H1 270.31 60352 36906 P6871 p115 Citrus sinensis Portugal 1931 (Carne 1925)
32F7 114104 56353, MYA-3896 134760 P3822 p197 Citrus sinensis Western Australia, Australia 1958
P. lateralis NP to SP 22H9 MYA-3898 p51 A Chamaecyparis lawsoniana Oregon, USA n.a. (Tucker & Milbrath 1942)
29A9 201856 p128 Chamaecyparis lawsoniana California, USA 1997
P. ramorum SP 32G2 Camellia japonica South Carolina, USA n.a. (Werres et al. 2001)
33F2 Quercus agrifolia California, USA n.a.
8d P. austrocedrae SP 41B5 MYA-4073 A Austrocedrus chilensis Argentina n.a. (Greslebin et al. 2007)
41B6 122911 MYA-4074 T Austrocedrus chilensis Argentina 2005
P. obscura SP 60E9 129273 T Soil Germany 1994 (Grünwald et al. 2012)
60F1 A Pieris sp. Oregon, USA 2009
60F2 A Kalmia latifolia Oregon, USA n.a.
P. syringae SP 21H9 34002 P0649 p187 Citrus sp. California, USA n.a. (Klebahn 1905)
23A6 MYA-3659 p35 n.a. New York, USA n.a.
8 P. stricta NP 58A1 MYA-4944 T Irrigation water Mississippi, USA 2012 (Yang et al. 2014a)
58A2 A Irrigation water Mississippi, USA 2012
58A3 A Irrigation water Mississippi, USA 2012
58A4 A Irrigation water Mississippi, USA 2012
9a (cluster 9a1) P. aquimorbida NP 40A6 MYA-4578 T Irrigation water Virginia, USA 2006 (Hong et al. 2012)
40E3 A Irrigation water Virginia, USA 2006
44G9 A Irrigation water Virginia, USA 2007
P. chrysanthemi NP 61E9 A Chrysanthemum sp. Japan 1998 (Naher et al. 2011)
61F1 123163 T Chrysanthemum ×morifolium Japan 2000
P. hydrogena NP 44G8 A Irrigation water Virginia, USA 2007 (Yang et al. 2014b)
46A3 MYA-4919 T Irrigation water Virginia, USA 2007
46A4 A Irrigation water Virginia, USA 2007
P. hydropathica NP 05D1 MYA-4460 p366 T Irrigation water Virginia, USA 2000 (Hong et al. 2010)
5C11 MYA-4459 p365 A Irrigation water Virginia, USA 2000
P. irrigata NP 04E4 MYA-4458 p335 A Irrigation water Virginia, USA 2000 (Hong et al. 2008)
23J7 MYA-4457 p108 T Irrigation water Virginia, USA 2000
44E4 A Stream water Virginia, USA 2007
P. macilentosa NP 58A5 A Irrigation water Mississippi, USA 2012 (Yang et al. 2014a)
58A6 A Irrigation water Mississippi, USA 2012
58A7 MYA-4945 T Irrigation water Mississippi, USA 2012
58A8 A Irrigation water Mississippi, USA 2012
P. parsiana NP 47C3 395329 T Ficus carica Iran 1991 (Mostowfizadeh-Ghalamfarsa et al. 2008)
P. virginiana NP 40A9 A Irrigation water Virginia, USA 2006 (Yang & Hong 2013)
44G6 A Irrigation water Virginia, USA 2007
46A2 MYA-4927 T Irrigation water Virginia, USA 2007
P. aff. parsiana G1 NP 47C7 A Pistacia vera Iran n.a. n.a.
47C8 A Pistacia vera Iran n.a.
395328 P8618 A Pistacia vera Iran 1992
P. aff. parsiana G2 NP 47C5 395330 A Pistacia vera Iran 1992 n.a.
47C6 395331 A Pistacia vera Iran 1992
P. aff. parsiana G3 NP 47D5 A Pistacia vera Iran n.a. n.a.
47D8 A Pistacia vera Iran n.a.
47E1 A Pistacia vera Iran n.a.
P. sp. 35G4 NP 35G4 A Irrigation water Virginia, USA 2005 n.a.
P. sp. 38D9 NP 38D9 A Dianthus caryophyllus Taiwan n.a. n.a.
P. sp. 40J5 NP 40J5 A Unknown leaf in seawater Hainan, China n.a. n.a.
P. sp. cuyabensis n.a. P8213 A n.a. Ecuador 1993 n.a.
P. sp. lagoariana NP 60B4 P8220 A n.a. Ecuador n.a. n.a.
60B5 P8217 T n.a. Ecuador n.a.
P8223 A n.a. Ecuador 1993
9a (cluster 9a2) P. macrochlamydospora-G1 SP 33E1 P10264 Glycine max New South Wales, Australia n.a. (Irwin 1991)
P10267 Glycine max New South Wales, Australia 1994
P. macrochlamydospora-G2 SP 31E9 351473 P8017 p171 Glycine max Queensland, Australia n.a. (Irwin 1991)
33D5 240.30 60353 340618 Zantedeschia aethiopica The Netherlands 1927
P. quininea NP 45F2 406.48 56964 p344 A Cinchona officinalis Peru n.a. (Crandall 1947)
46C4 407.48 46733 p386 T Cinchona officinalis Peru n.a.
9a (cluster 9a3) P. insolita NP 327E1 MYA-4077 p123 Waterfall water Hainan, China n.a. (Ann & Ko 1980)
38E1 691.79 38789 288805 T Soil Taiwan 1980
P6703 A Soil Taiwan n.a.
P. polonica NP 40G9 Irrigation water Virginia, USA 2006 (Belbahri et al. 2006)
43F9 Irrigation water Virginia, USA 2007
49J9 P15005 A Soil Poland 2006
9b P. captiosa NP 46H6 A Eucalyptus saligna New Zealand 1999 (Dick et al. 2006)
46H7 P10719 T Eucalyptus saligna New Zealand 1992
46H8 A Eucalyptus saligna New Zealand 2000
P10721 A Eucalyptus saligna New Zealand 1998
P. constricta NP to SP 55C3 125801 T Soil Western Australia, Australia 2006 (Rea et al. 2011)
P. fallax NP 46J2 P10722 T Eucalyptus delegatensis New Zealand 1997 (Dick et al. 2006)
46J3 A Eucalyptus nitens New Zealand 2000
46J5 A Eucalyptus nitens New Zealand 2000
P10725 A Eucalyptus fastigata New Zealand 2004
10 P. boehmeriae P 45F9 291.29 180614 P6950 T Boehmeriae nivea Taiwan 1927 (Sawada 1927)
P. gallica NP 50A1 111474 P16826 T Quercus robur France 1998 (Jung & Nechwatal 2008)
61D5 111475 P16827 A Phragmites australis Germany 2004
P. gondwanensis P 22G7 MYA-3893 n.a. Ohio, USA n.a. (Crous et al. 2015)
P. intercalaris NP 45B7 140632 TSD-7 T Stream water Virginia, USA 2007 (Yang et al. 2016)
48A1 A Stream water Virginia, USA 2008
49A7 140631 A Stream water Virginia, USA 2009
P. kernoviae P 46C8 P10956 p390 Rhododendron ponticum England, UK 2004 (Brasier et al. 2005)
46J6 P10681 Annona cherimola New Zealand 2002
46J8 P10671 Soil New Zealand 2003
P. morindae P 62B5 121982 T Morinda citrifolia var. citrifolia Hawaii, USA 2005 (Nelson & Abad 2010)
P. sp. boehmeriae-like P 45F8 357.52 60173 32199 P1378 p350 A Citrus sinensis Argentina 1939 n.a.
n.a. P. lilii NP 135746 T Lilium sp. Japan 1987 (Rahman et al. 2015)
outgroup Elongisporangium undulatum P 101728 337230 P10342 T Larix sp. Scotland, UK 1989 (Uzuhashi et al. 2010)
Phytopythium vexans P 340.49 12194 P3980 T n.a. n.a. n.a. (de Cock et al. 2015)
Halophytophthora fluviatilis P 57A9 MYA-4961 T Stream water Virginia, USA 2011 (Yang & Hong 2014)

a Molecular (sub)clade as designated in Fig. 1

b Names of taxa informally designated for the first time in this study are underlined.

c Sporangial papillation: NP = non-papillate, P = papillate, and SP = semi-papillate.

d Isolate identification abbreviations: CH, Chuanxue Hong laboratory at Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Virginia Beach, VA, USA; CBS, Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute, Utrecht, The Netherlands; ATCC, American Type Culture Collection, Manassas, VA, USA; IMI, CABI Biosciences, UK; WPC, the World Phytophthora Genetic Resource Collection at University of California, Riverside, USA; MG, Mannon E. Gallegly laboratory at West Virginia University, USA. Local identifications of respective isolates are provided in Table S1.

e Ex-types (T) or authentic (A) isolates (designated as representative isolates by the originators of the respective species).

f n.a.= not available.