Table 2.
Laboratory data and echocardiographic parameters. (25-75interquartile range) or absolute numbers and percentage (%) X2 test was used as appropriate
| Clinical variables | Studied patient groups | p value | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Control (n = 55) | mild ALVDD (n = 169) | HFpEF (n = 77) | ||
| Biomarker | ||||
| Endostatin (ng/ml) | 149.1 (130.6-176.9) | 163.8 (145.4-191.3) | 179.0 (159-220) | < 0.001* |
| NT-pro-BNP (pg/ml) | 90.1 (45.8-129.2) | 86.7 (43.7-170.7) | 343.6 (151.7-703.4) | < 0.001* |
| Routine parameter | ||||
| Total cholesterol (mg/dl) | 189 (163-228) | 193 (171-221) | 191 (170-210) | NS |
| LDL-cholesterol (mg/dl) | 107 (89-135) | 109 (89-135) | 109 (86-129) | NS |
| HDL-cholesterol (mg/dl) | 53 (46-64) | 50 (38-62) | 48 (41-61) | NS |
| Triclyceride (mg/dl) | 119 (83-185) | 142 (100-206) | 131 (104-189) | NS |
| Lp (a) (mg/dl) | 8 (5-27) | 18 (6-39) | 15 (6-52) | NS |
| TSH (mU/l) | 1.20 (0.94-2.09) | 1.42 (0.824-2.08) | 1.315 (0.80-1.90) | NS |
| Creatinine (mg/dl) | 0.8 (0.7-0.9) | 0.9 (0.7-0.9) | 0.9 (0.75-1.10) | NS |
| hsCRP | 0.1 (0.1-0.3) | 0.3 (0.1-0.6) | 0.3 (0.2-0.69) | 0.005* |
| Glucose | 89 (84-97) | 100 (91-111) | 97 (89-103) | 0.020* |
| Hb (mg/dl) | 14.3 (13.3-15.1) | 14.1 (13.2-15.0) | 13.6 (12.5-14.5) | 0.004* |
| CK (U/l) | 76 (58-105) | 78 (60-114) | 72 (55-104) | NS |
| SGOT (U/l) | 25 (21-31) | 25 (21-31) | 26 (21-32) | NS |
| LV geometry | ||||
| IVS (mm) | 10 (9-11) | 12 (10-13) | 12 (11-14) | < 0.001* |
| PLW (mm) | 10 (9-11) | 12 (10-13) | 12 (11-14) | < 0.001* |
| LVEDD(mm) | 44 (42-47) | 44 (39-48) | 45 (41-50) | NS |
| LVESD (mm) | 30 (28-34) | 29 (25-34) | 31 (27-36) | NS |
| LVMi (g/m2) | 72 (62-84) | 81 (67-102) | 91 (77-119) | < 0.001* |
| Systolic function | ||||
| EF (%) | 68 (62-72) | 67 (61-71) | 67 (63-73) | NS |
| Smax (cm/s) | 7.2 (6.3-8.0) | 6.3 (5.7-7.5) | 6.1 (5.4-6.7) | < 0.001* |
| Diastolic function | ||||
| LA-Index (ml/m2) | 25.4 (21.8-28.7) | 29.8 (25.7-33.3) | 39.3 (36.7-49.1) | < 0.001* |
| E (cm/s) | 60 (60-80) | 60 (50-70) | 80 (70-90) | < 0.001* |
| A (cm/s) | 60 (50-70) | 80 (70-90) | 80 (70-90) | < 0.001* |
| E/A ratio | 1.14 (0.68-1.25) | 0.75 (0.67-0.86) | 1.11 (0.85-1.25) | < 0.001* |
| E'septal (cm/s) | 8.4 (7.3-9.4) | 5.9 (5.2-6.8) | 5.4 (4.6-6.3) | < 0.001* |
| E'lateral (cm/s) | 10.7 (9.5-13.0) | 8.2 (6.9-9.5) | 6.9 (5.6-8.4) | < 0.001* |
| Average E'(cm/s) | 9.8 (8.6-11.0) | 7.2 (6.1-8.1) | 6.2 (5.2-7.2) | < 0.001* |
| E/E'septal ratio | 8.0 (6.9-9.0) | 10.2 (8.3-11.9) | 15.1 (12.5-17.1) | < 0.001* |
| E/E'average ratio | 7.0 (6.0-7.7) | 8.4 (6.8-10.1) | 13.3 (11.1-14.8) | < 0.001* |
statistically significant (p < 0.05); NT-proBNP: N-terminal fragment of the prohormone B-type natriuretic peptide; LDL: low density lipoprotein; HDL: high density lipoprotein; Lp (a): lipoprotein (a); TSH: thyroid stimulating hormone; hsCRP: high sensitive C-reactive protein; Hb: hemoglobin; CK: creatinkinase; SGOT: serum glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase; IVS: interventricular septum; PLW: posterior lateral wall; LVEDD: left ventricular end-diastolic diameter; LVESD: left ventricular end-systolic diameter; EF: ejection fraction; LA: left atrial; E: early diastolic transmitral velocity; A: late diastolic transmitral velocity; E': early diastolic tissue Doppler velocity; DF: diastolic function; LVDD: left ventricular diastolic dysfunction; HFpEF: heart failure with preserved ejection fraction; NS: non-significant. The Mann‑Whitney U-test was used to analyze differences between the medians of two groups and the Kruskal-Wallis test to test the equality of medians among more than two distinct groups.