Table 1. Summary of the case reports of infective endocarditis (IE) due to Rhodotorula spp. found in the literature (n=9).

Year	Country/Reference	Age/Sex	Risk factors	Valve/type*	Species	Blood culture	Valve culture	Antifungal treatment†	Outcome
1960	USA/1	47/F	Mitral and aortic stenosis from rheumatic fever, dental procedure, indwelling catheter.	Ao/Native	ns	+	+	None	Deceased
1962	USA/13	56/M	Diabetes, rheumatic fever, prolonged urinary catheter, decubitus ulcer	ns	ns	+	np	Amp B	Recovered
1969	USA/14	39/M	Dental procedure, prolonged urinary catheter, decubitus ulcer	Mi/native	ns	+	np	Amp B	Recovered
1975	Israel/15	7/M	Recurrent tonsillitis, tonsillectomy	Mi/Ao/native	R. pilimanae	+	np	Flucy	Recovered
2003	Switzerland/16	53/M	Prosthetic valve, antibiotic use, endocarditis	Ao/Prosth.	R. mucilaginosa	–	+	Amp B+Itrac	Recovered
2005	Switzerland/17	56/M	Cardiac transplant recipient	Left Atrium appendice	R. glutinis	+	+	Lipos Amp B	Recovered
2005	Brazil/18	10/F	Central venous catheter	Right Atrium appendice	R. mucilaginosa	–	n.p.	Amp B+Flucy+Rifampicin	Recovered
2011	Brazil/19	58/M	Coronary stent	Ao/Native	R. mucilaginosa	np*	np	Amp B	Recovered
2014	USA/4	54/F	Diabetes, kidney transplant	Ao/Bioprosth.	R. mucilaginosa	+	+	Lipos AmpB	Recovered
2017	Brazil‡	45/F	Kidney transplant	Ao/Prosth.	R. mucilaginosa	–	+	Lipos AmpB	Recovered

*Valve/Type: Mi, Mitral; Ao, Aortic; Prosth, Prosthetic; Bioprosth, Bioprosthetic; ns, Not specified; np, Not performed.

†Antifungal therapy: AmpB, Amphotericin B; Flucy, Flucytosine; Amp B+Itrac, Amphotericin B+Itracoconazole; Lipos AmpB, Liposomal Amphotericin B.

‡Case presented in this report.