Table 1.
Pretreatment and treatment characteristics of patients with a rising prostate-specific antigen (PSA) after primary radiotherapy (RT) for prostate cancer
| Whole cohort (n = 184) |
Positive scan (n = 161) |
Negative scan (n = 23) |
p value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age at RT | ||||
| Median | 65 | 65 | 64 | >0.9 |
| IQR | 60–70 | 60–70 | 57–73 | |
| PSA at diagnosis (ng/ml), n =169 | ||||
| Median | 7.8 | 8.1 | 6.0 | 0.01 |
| IQR | 5.6–10.5 | 5.7–11.7 | 4.7–8.2 | |
| Gleason pattern, n = 178 (%) | ||||
| ≤6 | 58 (33) | 47 (30) | 11 (48) | 0.1 |
| 7 | 82 (46) | 71 (46) | 11 (48) | |
| 8–10 | 38 (21) | 37 (24) | 1 (4) | |
| Grade group, n = 178 (%) | ||||
| 1 (≤3+3) | 59 (33) | 48 (31) | 11 (48) | 0.2 |
| 2 (3+4) | 52 (29) | 44 (28) | 8 (35) | |
| 3 (4+3) | 29 (16) | 26 (17) | 3 (13) | |
| 4 (8) | 19 (11) | 19 (12) | 0 (0) | |
| 5 (9 and 10) | 19 (11) | 18 (12) | 1 (4) | |
| Clinical stage, n = 124 (%) | ||||
| T1c | 63 (51) | 50 (48) | 13 (65) | 0.4 |
| T2a–c | 48 (39) | 43 (41) | 5 (25) | |
| T3a–b | 13 (10) | 11 (11) | 2 (10) | |
| NCCN risk group, n = 170 (%) | ||||
| Low risk | 42 (25) | 33 (22) | 9 (41) | 0.02 |
| Intermediate risk | 82 (48) | 70 (47) | 12 (55) | |
| High/very high risk | 46 (27) | 45 (30) | 1 (5) | |
| Type of therapy, n = 183 (%) | ||||
| EBRT alone | 104 (57) | 92 (58) | 12 (52) | 0.7 |
| BT as part of therapy | 79 (43) | 68 (43) | 11 (48) | |
| HT during RT, n = 179 (%) | 55 (31) | 49 (30) | 6 (33) | 0.8 |
| Dose of RT, n = 89 (Gy) | ||||
| Median | 75.6 | 75.8 | 75.6 | 0.1 |
| IQR | 75.0–80.0 | 75.2–83.7 | 72.9–75.6 | |
| Target (n = 169) | ||||
| Prostate | 137 (81) | 125 (82) | 12 (75) | 0.7 |
| Prostate + SV | 19 (11) | 17 (11) | 2 (13) | |
| Prostate + SV + pelvic nodes | 13 (8) | 11 (7) | 2 (13) | |
| PSA nadir, ng/ml (n = 178) | ||||
| Median | 0.5 | 0.5 | 0.4 | 0.4 |
| IQR | 0.2–1.1 | 0.2–1.2 | 0.2–0.9 | |
| PSA at CholPET scan (ng/ml) | ||||
| Median | 5.7 | 6.3 | 2.9 | <0.01 |
| IQR | 3.4–8.9 | 3.9–9.6 | 2.2–7.1 | |
| ΔPSA, ng/ml (n = 178)a | ||||
| Median | 5.1 | 5.4 | 2.6 | <0.01 |
| IQR | 2.9–7.9 | 3.2–8.2 | 1.9–5.2 | |
| Time to CholPET from RT (mo) | ||||
| Median | 68 | 67 | 70 | 0.7 |
| IQR | 39–104 | 37–104 | 44–101 | |
| Time to CholPET from nadir PSA, mo (n = 172) |
||||
| Median | 47 | 43 | 50 | 0.4 |
| IQR | 25–77 | 24–74 | 30–79 | |
| PSA doubling time, mo (n = 151) | ||||
| Median | 11 | 10 | 15 | 0.01 |
| IQR | 6–20 | 5–20 | 11–25 | |
| PSA velocity, ng/ml/yr (n = 169) | ||||
| Median | 1.3 | 1.4 | 0.7 | 0.01 |
| IQR | 0.6–2.9 | 0.6–3.1 | 0.3–1.8 |
BT = brachytherapy; CholPET = C-11 choline PET/CT; EBRT = external beam radiation therapy; HT = hormonal therapy; IQR = interquartile range; NCCN = national comprehensive cancer network; PET/CT = positron emission tomography/computed tomography; SV = seminal vesical.
a
Difference between PSA at C11 choline PET/CT and PSA nadir.