Table 3.

A List of genetically encoded indicators for synaptic activity.

Indicators	Type	Sensing Module	Reporting Module	Dynamic Range	Selected Applications	Ref.
FLIPE	FRET	GltI	ECFP, Venus	<5%	Rat hippocampal neurons and PC12 cells	[182]
GluSnFR	FRET	GltI	ECFP, Citrine	7.1%	Hippocampal neurons	[183]
SuperGluSnFR	FRET	GltI	ECFP, Citrine	44%	Hippocampal neurons	[184]
iGluSnFR	Single-FP	GltI	cpEGFP	450%	Cultured neurons; retina, worms, zebrafish and mice	[185]
SynaptopHluorin	Single-FP	pHluorin	VAMP2-pHluorin	8–20%	Hippocampal neurons; RBL-2H3 cells	[168]
sypHy	Single-FP	pHluorin	synaptophysin-pHluorin	N.A.	Hippocampal neurons	[186]
vGpH	Single-FP	pHluorin	vGlut1-pHluorin	N.A.	Hippocampal boutons	[187]
VGLUT1-mOrange2	Single-FP	mOrange2	VGLUT1-mOrange2	16%	Hippocampal boutons	[188]
sypHTomato	Single-FP	pHTomato	Synaptophysin-pHTomato	5–25%	CA3-CA1 hippocampal neurons	[189]