Table 13.
Models Significantly Moderated by Publication Status—Published and Unpublished Effect Sizes.
| Models | k | r (95% CI) | Q (df) | I2 | N | ET (95% CI) | Trim&Fill Est.(Q) | Studies Trimmed |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| CS, Attempt C | ||||||||
|
| ||||||||
| All | 32 | 0.09 (0.01,0.17), p = 0.027 | 871.18 (31), p < 0.001 | 96.44 | 18,356 | −3.05 (−6.25,0.15), p = 0.061 | 0.09 (871.18) | 0 |
| Published | 13 | 0.17 (0.06,0.27), p = 0.003 | 222.98 (12), p < 0.001 | 94.62 | 9,867 | −4.10 (−7.43,−0.77), p = 0.020 | 0.17 (222.98) | 0 |
| Unpublished | 19 | 0.03 (−0.05,0.11), p = 0.431 | 225.38 (18), p < 0.001 | 92.01 | 10,026 | 0.84 (−2.67,4.34), p = 0.622 | −0.06 (367.04) | 8 |
|
| ||||||||
| CSxPB -> Attempt C/D | ||||||||
|
| ||||||||
| All | 25 | 0.05 (0.02,0.09), p = 0.004 | 72.22 (24), p < 0.001 | 66.77 | 12,172 | 1.14 (−0.32,2.61), p = 0.121 | 0.06 (77.06) | 4 |
| Published | 14 | 0.08 (0.02,0.15), p = 0.010 | 56.96 (13), p < 0.001 | 77.18 | 4,666 | 0.77 (−3.43,4.97), p = 0.695 | 0.10 (65.09) | 3 |
| Unpublished | 11 | 0.007 (−0.02,0.03), p = 0.524 | 1.35 (10), p > 0.99 | < 0.001 | 7,506 | 0.44 (0.09,0.80), p = 0.021 | 0.007 (1.80) | 1 |
|
| ||||||||
| TBxPBxCS -> Attempt C/D | ||||||||
|
| ||||||||
| All | 27 | 0.06 (0.02,0.10), p = 0.001 | 95.67 (26), p < 0.001 | 72.82 | 13,590 | 0.49 (−1.14,2.13), p = 0.540 | 0.06 (97.39) | 2 |
| Published | 15 | 0.09 (0.04,0.14), p < 0.001 | 50.16 (14), p < 0.001 | 72.09 | 5,899 | −2.87 (−5.50,−0.24), p = 0.035 | 0.09 (50.96) | 1 |
| Unpublished | 12 | 0.007 (−0.02,0.03), p = 0.534 | 6.84 (11), p = 0.812 | < 0.001 | 7,691 | 0.89 (0.13,1.65), p = 0.025 | 0.006 (9.07) | 1 |
Note. Meta-analyses were conducted separately for published and unpublished effect sizes. Results based on all effect sizes—published and unpublished—are provided for comparison.
k = number of samples. CI = confidence interval. ET = Egger’s Regression Intercept test, 2-tailed p-value is reported; significance indicates potential publication biases. Trim&Fill = Duval’s Trim & Fill test, random effects estimates, Q-values, and the number of studies trimmed are reported.
PB = perceived burdensomeness. TB = thwarted belongingness. CS = capability for suicide. Attempt C = attempt history measured continuously. Attempt C/D = attempt history; analyses predicting attempts measured continuously and dichotomously were collapsed.