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. 2017 Dec 14;7:17600. doi: 10.1038/s41598-017-17928-4

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© The Author(s) 2017

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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In vitro expression of SCARF-1 in HSEC can be up-regulated by proinflammatory cytokines and LPS. (a) Representative images of immunofluorescent staining of SCARF-1 (green) with DAPI nuclear stain (blue). Scale bar = 25 µm. (b) Representative Western blot (left panel) and quantification (right panels) of the 180 kDa (dimeric) and 90 kDa (monomeric) species of SCARF-1 in stimulated HSEC compared to media alone control (Con). Results are representative of 3 independent experiments and are regions cropped from the same membrane (see Supplementary Figure 7). (c) Fold change in SCARF-1 protein expression measured by cell-based ELISA in stimulated HSEC. (d) qPCR analysis of SCARF-1 mRNA in stimulated HSEC. (a–d) HSEC were treated with 10 ng/ml of tumour necrosis factor (TNF)α, 10 ng/ml of interferon (IFN)γ, or both in combination or with 1 µg/ml of LPS for 24 h. (c and d) Dotted lines indicate control level of expression. * and ** indicate statistical significance where p ≤ 0.05 and p ≤ 0.01, respectively. (b and d) n = 3 and (c) n = 5 independent experiments with different HSEC donors in each group.