Table 1.
Review of robotic pyeloplasty in children.
| Author | No. of patients | Mean age (year) | Operative indication | Surgical approach | Operative ports | Mean operative time (min) | Hospital stay (day) | Complications | Mean follow-up (week) | Success rate (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Olsen et al., 2007 [19] | 65 | 7.9 | Pain (37), decreased function (5), infection (5), increased pelvic anteroposterior diameter (5), combination of above (13) | Retroperitoneal | 4 (12 mm camera, 2 × 8 mm operative, 5 mm assistant) | 146 | 2 | UTI (2), transient hematuria (2), displaced catheter (3), temporary nephrostomy (4) | 52.6 | 100 |
| Sorensen et al., 2011 [13] | 33 | 9.2 | Pain (19), prenatal hydronephrosis (8), stones/UTI (4), other (2) | Retroperitoneal | 3 (12 mm camera, 2 × 8 mm operative) | 326 | 2.2 | Gross hematuria (1), anastamotic leak (4) | 69.5 | 97 |
| Barbosa et al., 2013 [14] | 58 (10 bilateral) | 7.2 | Pain, increased hydronephrosis and renal function below 40% | Transperitoneal | Not described | Not described | Not described | Redo pyeloplasty for persistent hydronephrosis (1) | 143.4 | 62.1 resolved hydronephrosis and 25.3 improved |
| Subotic et al., 2011 [15] | 19 (2 bilateral) | All >4, mean age not given | Increased or severe hydronephrosis, and differential renal function <45%, functional loss of more than 10%, recurrent UTI | Transperitoneal | 4 (12 mm umbilical, 2 × 5 mm operative, 5 mm assistant) | 165 | 6 | Port site hernia- omentum (1), macrohematuria (1), dislodged stent (1), UTI (2), anastomotic leakage (1) | 26.1 | 100 |
| Kutikov et al., 2006 [18] | 9 | 0.47 | Ureteropelvic junction obstruction | Transperitoneal | 3 (camera, 2 × 5 mm operative) | 122.8 | 1.4 | None reported | Not described | 78 |
| Avery et al., 2015 [17] | 60 (2 bilateral) | 0.61 | Hydronephrosis (30), worsening renal function (16), UTI (6), failure to resolve (4), other (4) | Transperitoneal | 4 (8.5 or 12 mm umbilical, 2 × 5–8 mm operative, ±5 mm assistant) | 232 | 1 | Port site hernia (2), UTI (1), urine leak (1), retained stent (1), postoperative renal calculus (1), prolonged ileus (1) | 52.1 | 91 |
| Asensio et al., 2015 [20] | 5 | 10.59 | Reoperative repair following failed pyeloplasty | Transperitoneal | 4 (12 mm camera, 2 × 8 mm operative, 5 mm assistant) | 144 | 2.6 | None reported | 105.9 | 100 |
UTI, urinary tract infection.