Table 2.
Characteristics of the patients in the validation cohort.
| Preoperative | Non-AKI (N=993) | AKI (n=594) | P |
|---|---|---|---|
| Male | 542 (54.6%) | 434 (73.1%) | < 0.01 |
| Age, mean (SD), years | 56.8 (12.3) | 58.7 (11.7) | 0.08 |
| Kidney function | |||
| Serum creatinine, mean (SD) mg/dL | 0.83 (0.2) | 1.04 (0.40) | < 0.01 |
| eGFR, mean (SD) mL/min/1.73 m2 | 109.4 (30.4) | 85.9 (25.2) | < 0.01 |
| Comorbidities | |||
| Hypertension | 320 (32.2%) | 204 (34.3%) | 0.408 |
| DM | 136 (13.7%) | 60 (10.1%) | 0.04 |
| COPD | 0 | 0 | |
| CVD | 3 (0.3%) | 4 (0.7%) | 0.43 |
| Cardiac function | |||
| NYHA classification > 2 | 541 (54.5%) | 363 (61.1%) | < 0.01 |
| LVEF ≤ 35% | 101 (10.2%) | 147 (24.4%) | < 0.01 |
| Previous cardiac surgery | 9 (0.9%) | 8 (1.3%) | 0.454 |
| Intraoperative | |||
| Emergency | 2 (0.2%) | 0 | 0.531 |
| Procedure | |||
| Valve | 605 (60.9%) | 428 (72.1%) | < 0.01 |
| CABG | 342 (34.4%) | 133 (22.4%) | < 0.01 |
| Valve + CABG | 46 (4.6%) | 33 (5.6%) | < 0.01 |
| CPB time (min) | 89 (71,113) | 100 (79,124) | < 0.01 |
| Postoperative | |||
| LCOS | 3 (0.3%) | 13 (2.2%) | < 0.01 |
| CVP, mean (SD), cmH2O | 8.4 (2.7) | 10.9 (2.9) | < 0.01 |
| Prognosis | |||
| 28-day mortality | 8 (0.8%) | 36 (6.1%) | < 0.01 |
AKI=acute kidney injury; RRT-AKI=AKI which renal replacement therapy is needed; CABG=coronary artery bypass grafting; COPD=chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; CPB=cardiopulmonary bypass; CVD=cerebral vascular disease; CVP=central venous pressure by ICU admittance; DM=diabetes mellitus; eGFR=estimated glomerular filtration rate, as calculated based on the Cockcroft- Gault formulae for SRI score validation; LCOS=low cardiac output syndrome; LVEF=left ventricular ejection fraction; NYHA=New York Heart Association; SCr=serum creatinine; SD=standard deviation