Table 2.

Prevalence of Trichinella spp. in raccoon dogs (Nyctereutes procyonoides) in European countries and comparison with the present study

Country	Sampling period	Samples (n)	Prevalence of Trichinella spp. (95% CI) (%)	Prevalence of Tn (total) (95% CI) (%)	Prevalence of Tb (total) (95% CI) (%)	Prevalence of Ts (total) (95% CI) (%)	Prevalence of Tp (total) (95% CI) (%)	Prevalence of mixed infections (95% CI) (%)	Reference
Estonia	2011–2012	113	57.5 (48.3–66.4)	31.9 (23.8–40.9)	24.8 (17.5–33.4)	0.0 (0.0–2.6)	0.0 (0.0–2.6)	11.5 (7.9–20.5)	Present study
Estonia	2000–2002	157	42.0* (34.5–49.9)	15.9** (10.8–22.3)	15.9 (10.8–22.3)	0.0 (0.0–5.1)	0.0 (0.0–5.1)	5.1 (2.4–9.4)	[4]
Estonia	1992–2000	33	45.5 (29.2–62.5)	15.2 (5.8–30.4)	27.3 (14.2–44.2)	0.0 (0.0–8.7)	0.0 (0.2–8.7)	3.0 (0.2–14.1)	[3, 14, 57]
Finland	1999–2005	662	28.1*** (24.8–31.6)						[19]
Finland	1996–1998	199	37.7*** (31.2–44.6)						[8]
Germany	2006–2007	146	4.8*** (2.1–9.3)	0.0*** (0.0–2.0)	0.0*** (0.0–2.0)	4.1* (1.7–8.3)	2.7 (0.9–6.5)	1.4*** (0.2–4.5)	[20]
Germany	2000–2014	1527	1.9*** (1.3–2.7)	0.0*** (0.0–0.2)	0.1*** (0.0–0.3)	1.7 (1.1–2.4)	0.1 (0.0–0.3)	0.0 (0.0–0.2)***	[21]
Latvia	2010–2014	394	37.3*** (32.6–42.2)	2.8*** (1.5–4.8)	35.0* (30.4–39.9)	0.5 (0.1–1.7)	0.0 (0.0–0.8)	3.0*** (1.7–5.1)	[22]
Latvia	2000–2002	17	35.3 (15.7–59.5)						[4]
Lithuania	2001–2006	75	29.3*** (19.9–40.4)						[23]
Lithuania	2000–2002	83	32.5*** (23.1–43.1)	2.4*** (0.4–7.7)	25.3 (16.8–35.5)	4.8* (1.6–11.2)	0.0 (0.0–3.5)	4.8 (1.6–11.2)	[4]
Poland	2012	39	5.1*** (0.9–15.9)	0.0*** (0.0–7.4)	0.0*** (0.0–7.4)	5.1 (0.9–15.9)	0.0 (0.0–7.4)	0.0* (0.0–7.4)	[24]

Abbreviations: Tn, Trichinella nativa; Tb, Trichinella britovi; Ts, Trichinella spiralis; Tp, Trichinella pseudospiralis

*P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, ***P < 0.001