Table 4.
Risk of interval breast cancer for BMI and mammographic measures by tumor characteristics
| OPERA (95% CI) | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Cases/ controls | BMI + DA + NDA | BMI + PDA | BMI + DA | DA + NDA | PDA | DA | ||
| ER | ||||||||
| BIC, AUC | 373, 0.77 | 363, 0.77 | 380, 0.73 | 349, 0.77 | 339, 0.77 | 356, 0.73 | ||
| BMI per 1 SD at age 50 | Positive | 94/ 278 | 0.71 (0.38,1.33) | 0.70 (0.38,1.31) | 0.74 (0.40,1.35) | |||
| Negative | 45/ 145 | 0.91 (0.51,1.61) | 0.88 (0.50,1.56) | 0.90 (0.51,1.61) | ||||
| BMI per 1 SD at age 70 | Positive | 1.04 (0.71,1.51) | 1.03 (0.71,1.50) | 0.98 (0.68,1.42) | ||||
| Negative | 1.05 (0.49,2.25) | 0.96 (0.45,2.03) | 0.93 (0.44,1.97) | |||||
| P for interaction with age = 0.65 | P for interaction with age = 0.66 | P for interaction with age = 0.79 | ||||||
| P = 0.82 | P = 0.87 | P = 0.90 | ||||||
| DA per adjusted 1SD | Positive | 2.14 (1.59,2.89) | 2.12 (1.58,2.85) | 2.13 (1.58,2.86) | 2.10 (1.57,2.82) | |||
| Negative | 1.84 (1.20,2.83) | 1.90 (1.27,2.84) | 1.82 (1.20,2.73) | 1.85 (1.27,2.71) | ||||
| P = 0.58 | P = 0.67 | P = 0.54 | P = 0.60 | |||||
| PDA per adjusted 1SD | Positive | 2.63 (1.87,3.69) | 2.60 (1.85,3.64) | |||||
| Negative | 2.34 (1.46,3.76) | 2.26 (1.44,3.56) | ||||||
| P = 0.70 | P = 0.64 | |||||||
| NDA per adjusted 1SD | Positive | 0.64 (0.49,0.85) | 0.65 (0.49,0.85) | |||||
| Negative | 0.53 (0.35,0.81) | 0.53 (0.35,0.81) | ||||||
| P = 0.46 | P = 0.44 | |||||||
| PR | ||||||||
| BIC, AUC | 362, 0.78 | 352, 0.78 | 370, 0.74 | 344, 0.77 | 334, 0.77 | 352, 0.73 | ||
| BMI per 1 SD at age 50 | Positive | 57/ 172 | 0.56 (0.23,1.33) | 0.56 (0.24,1.32) | 0.59 (0.26,1.36) | |||
| Negative | 80/ 245 | 0.94 (0.58,1.53) | 0.91 (0.57,1.46) | 0.91 (0.56,1.48) | ||||
| BMI per 1 SD at age 70 | Positive | 1.62 (0.94,2.80) | 1.54 (0.91,2.62) | 1.43 (0.87,2.36) | ||||
| Negative | 0.64 (0.39,1.04) | 0.63 (0.39,1.03) | 0.63 (0.38,1.02) | |||||
| P for interaction with age = 0.13 | P for interaction with age = 0.16 | P for interaction with age = 0.20 | ||||||
| P = 0.04 | P = 0.05 | P = 0.06 | ||||||
| DA per adjusted 1SD | Positive | 2.32 (1.56,3.44) | 2.10 (1.46,3.01) | 2.32 (1.58,3.41) | 2.11 (1.48,3.01) | |||
| Negative | 1.91 (1.36,2.69) | 2.04 (1.46,2.83) | 1.82 (1.32,2.52) | 1.92 (1.41,2.62) | ||||
| P = 0.46 | P = 0.91 | P = 0.35 | P = 0.70 | |||||
| PDA per adjusted 1SD | Positive | 2.92 (1.84,4.65) | 2.89 (1.84,4.56) | |||||
| Negative | 2.41 (1.67,3.49) | 2.29 (1.61,3.25) | ||||||
| P = 0.52 | P = 0.42 | |||||||
| NDA per adjusted 1SD | Positive | 0.58 (0.40,0.83) | 0.60 (0.43,0.86) | |||||
| Negative | 0.59 (0.43,0.82) | 0.59 (0.43,0.81) | ||||||
| P = 0.93 | P = 0.91 | |||||||
| HER2 | ||||||||
| BIC, AUC | 368, 0.77 | 361, 0.76 | 375, 0.73 | 345, 0.76 | 337, 0.76 | 351, 0.73 | ||
| BMI per 1 SD at age 50 | Positive | 41/ 123 | 0.66 (0.28,1.56) | 0.65 (0.28,1.54) | 0.67 (0.28,1.58) | |||
| Negative | 96/ 293 | 0.91 (0.57,1.47) | 0.89 (0.56,1.43) | 0.92 (0.58,1.47) | ||||
| BMI per 1 SD at age 70 | Positive | 0.91 (0.47,1.77) | 0.93 (0.49,1.77) | 0.87 (0.45,1.70) | ||||
| Negative | 1.08 (0.73,1.59) | 1.06 (0.72,1.55) | 1.01 (0.70,1.48) | |||||
| P for interaction with age = 0.78 | P for interaction with age = 0.77 | P for interaction with age = 0.88 | ||||||
| P = 0.62 | P = 0.68 | P = 0.66 | ||||||
| DA per adjusted 1SD | Positive | 2.15 (1.39,3.30) | 2.19 (1.42,3.38) | 2.03 (1.34,3.07) | 2.05 (1.36,3.11) | |||
| Negative | 1.96 (1.47,2.63) | 1.95 (1.48,2.58) | 1.95 (1.46,2.60) | 1.94 (1.48,2.56) | ||||
| P = 0.74 | P = 0.66 | P = 0.88 | P = 0.83 | |||||
| PDA per adjusted 1SD | Positive | 2.43 (1.50,3.95) | 2.29 (1.44,3.66) | |||||
| Negative | 2.43 (1.76,3.36) | 2.41 (1.75,3.31) | ||||||
| P = 1.00 | P = 0.87 | |||||||
| NDA per adjusted 1SD | Positive | 0.82 (0.54,1.24) | 0.82 (0.55,1.22) | |||||
| Negative | 0.55 (0.41,0.73) | 0.55 (0.41,0.74) | ||||||
| P = 0.13 | P = 0.12 | |||||||
| Grade | ||||||||
| BIC, AUC | 386, 0.78 | 375, 0.77 | 387, 0.75 | 354, 0.77 | 343, 0.76 | 356, 0.74 | ||
| BMI per 1 SD at age 50 | well differentiated | 24/ 66 | 0.62 (0.21,1.82) | 0.60 (0.20,1.77) | 0.67 (0.24,1.91) | |||
| moderately differentiated | 52/ 165 | 0.40 (0.13,1.22) | 0.38 (0.13,1.13) | 0.39 (0.13,1.18) | ||||
| poorly differentiated | 61/ 187 | 1.01 (0.62,1.66) | 0.98 (0.61,1.58) | 0.99 (0.62,1.59) | ||||
| BMI per 1 SD at age 70 | well differentiated | 0.64 (0.24,1.67) | 0.61 (0.22,1.64) | 0.63 (0.24,1.65) | ||||
| moderately differentiated | 1.18 (0.66,2.11) | 1.23 (0.70,2.17) | 1.08 (0.61,1.92) | |||||
| poorly differentiated | 1.08 (0.67,1.74) | 1.14 (0.73,1.79) | 1.22 (0.80,1.86) | |||||
| P for interaction with age = 0.53 | P for interaction with age = 0.41 | P for interaction with age = 0.52 | ||||||
| P = 0.36 | P = 0.28 | P = 0.24 | ||||||
| DA per adjusted 1SD | well differentiated | 1.61 (0.97,2.70) | 1.64 (0.97,2.77) | 1.49 (0.92,2.41) | 1.49 (0.92,2.43) | |||
| moderately differentiated | 2.64 (1.70,4.11) | 2.77 (1.77,4.33) | 2.66 (1.71,4.13) | 2.75 (1.76,4.29) | ||||
| poorly differentiated | 1.85 (1.28,2.68) | 1.77 (1.28,2.45) | 1.86 (1.29,2.68) | 1.80 (1.31,2.47) | ||||
| P = 0.29 | P = 0.19 | P = 0.20 | P = 0.14 | |||||
| PDA per adjusted 1SD | well differentiated | 2.11 (1.17,3.80) | 1.90 (1.09,3.32) | |||||
| moderately differentiated | 2.94 (1.83,4.71) | 2.92 (1.82,4.69) | ||||||
| poorly differentiated | 2.24 (1.51,3.33) | 2.27 (1.54,3.34) | ||||||
| P = 0.60 | P = 0.49 | |||||||
| NDA per adjusted 1SD | well differentiated | 0.78 (0.48,1.26) | 0.80 (0.50,1.28) | |||||
| moderately differentiated | 0.73 (0.48,1.10) | 0.72 (0.49,1.06) | ||||||
| poorly differentiated | 0.48 (0.33,0.71) | 0.48 (0.33,0.70) | ||||||
| P = 0.20 | P = 0.16 | |||||||
| Size | ||||||||
| BIC, AUC | 395, 0.78 | 381, 0.78 | 397, 0.75 | 359, 0.78 | 345, 0.77 | 361, 0.74 | ||
| BMI per 1 SD at age 50 | < 1 cm | 25/ 70 | 0.71 (0.25,2.00) | 0.70 (0.25,1.99) | 0.69 (0.23,2.09) | |||
| 1–2 cm | 51/ 154 | 0.69 (0.31,1.54) | 0.70 (0.32,1.52) | 0.73 (0.35,1.52) | ||||
| ≥ 2 cm | 65/ 204 | 0.99 (0.52,1.88) | 0.96 (0.51,1.78) | 0.99 (0.52,1.89) | ||||
| BMI per 1 SD at age 70 | < 1 cm | 0.80 (0.23,2.85) | 0.81 (0.23,2.89) | 0.82 (0.23,2.92) | ||||
| 1–2 cm | 1.03 (0.60,1.76) | 0.96 (0.56,1.62) | 0.91 (0.54,1.55) | |||||
| ≥ 2 cm | 0.92 (0.54,1.57) | 0.94 (0.55,1.59) | 0.94 (0.58,1.53) | |||||
| P for interaction with age = 0.90 | P for interaction with age = 0.95 | P for interaction with age = 0.97 | ||||||
| P = 0.93 | P = 0.94 | P = 0.93 | ||||||
| DA per adjusted 1SD | < 1 cm | 1.62 (0.92,2.83) | 1.62 (0.92,2.87) | 1.57 (0.91,2.70) | 1.56 (0.91,2.69) | |||
| 1–2 cm | 1.65 (1.14,2.38) | 1.65 (1.16,2.33) | 1.61 (1.13,2.31) | 1.62 (1.15,2.28) | ||||
| ≥ 2 cm | 2.78 (1.86,4.15) | 2.74 (1.87,4.01) | 2.74 (1.85,4.06) | 2.71 (1.87,3.93) | ||||
| P = 0.11 | P = 0.11 | P = 0.09 | P = 0.08 | |||||
| PDA per adjusted 1SD | < 1 cm | 1.76 (0.99,3.15) | 1.71 (0.97,2.99) | |||||
| 1–2 cm | 2.09 (1.40,3.12) | 2.05 (1.38,3.03) | ||||||
| ≥ 2 cm | 3.50 (2.20,5.58) | 3.44 (2.19,5.41) | ||||||
| P = 0.12 | P = 0.10 | |||||||
| NDA per adjusted 1SD | < 1 cm | 0.83 (0.53,1.29) | 0.83 (0.54,1.27) | |||||
| 1–2 cm | 0.54 (0.37,0.79) | 0.54 (0.37,0.79) | ||||||
| ≥ 2 cm | 0.58 (0.40,0.83) | 0.58 (0.40,0.83) | ||||||
| P = 0.32 | P = 0.32 | |||||||
| Nodal status | ||||||||
| BIC, AUC | 354, 0.80 | 345, 0.79 | 362, 0.76 | 339, 0.78 | 331, 0.77 | 347, 0.74 | ||
| BMI per 1 SD at age 50 | Positive | 65/ 189 | 1.34 (0.73,2.47) | 1.32 (0.72,2.41) | 1.31 (0.71,2.42) | |||
| Negative | 71/ 224 | 0.46 (0.23,0.93) | 0.45 (0.22,0.91) | 0.48 (0.24,0.96) | ||||
| BMI per 1 SD at age 70 | Positive | 0.64 (0.36,1.14) | 0.65 (0.37,1.12) | 0.62 (0.35,1.09) | ||||
| Negative | 1.61 (1.04,2.49) | 1.60 (1.03,2.49) | 1.58 (1.03,2.41) | |||||
| P for interaction with age = 0.01 | P for interaction with age = 0.01 | P for interaction with age = 0.01 | ||||||
| P = 0.01 | P = 0.01 | P = 0.01 | ||||||
| DA per adjusted 1SD | Positive | 2.32 (1.57,3.41) | 2.30 (1.60,3.31) | 2.23 (1.55,3.23) | 2.20 (1.56,3.09) | |||
| Negative | 1.92 (1.39,2.66) | 1.92 (1.40,2.64) | 1.84 (1.35,2.52) | 1.85 (1.36,2.51) | ||||
| P = 0.47 | P = 0.46 | P = 0.43 | P = 0.46 | |||||
| PDA per adjusted 1SD | Positive | 2.69 (1.79,4.07) | 2.61 (1.76,3.88) | |||||
| Negative | 2.47 (1.69,3.61) | 2.32 (1.62,3.33) | ||||||
| P = 0.76 | P = 0.66 | |||||||
| NDA per adjusted 1SD | Positive | 0.58 (0.41,0.81) | 0.57 (0.41,0.80) | |||||
| Negative | 0.60 (0.43,0.84) | 0.62 (0.45,0.85) | ||||||
| P = 0.87 | P = 0.72 | |||||||
Abbreviations: AUC area under the receiver operating characteristic curve, BIC Bayesian information criterion, BMI body mass index, CI confidence interval, DA dense area, NDA non-dense area, OPERA Odds per Adjusted Standard Deviation, PDA percent dense area, SD standard deviation
All of the estimates from conditional logistic regression are adjusted for age at mammogram