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. 2017 Dec 13;5:e4109. doi: 10.7717/peerj.4109

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©2017 Salazar-Degracia et al.

This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, reproduction and adaptation in any medium and for any purpose provided that it is properly attributed. For attribution, the original author(s), title, publication source (PeerJ) and either DOI or URL of the article must be cited.

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(A) Mean values and standard deviation of total reactive carbonyls in diaphragm (black bars) and gastrocnemius (grey bars) muscles as measured by optical densities in arbitrary units (OD, a.u.). Definition of abbreviations: F, formoterol. Statistical significance is represented as follow: * p ≤ 0.05 between non-cachexia controls and cancer-cachexia rats. (B) Mean values and standard deviation of HNE-protein adducts in diaphragm (black bars) and gastrocnemius (grey bars) muscles as measured by optical densities in arbitrary units (OD, a.u.). Definition of abbreviations: HNE, 4-hydroxy-2-nonenal; F, formoterol. Statistical significance is represented as follow: * p ≤ 0.05 between non-cachexia controls and cancer-cachexia rats. (C) Mean values and standard deviation of MDA-protein adducts in diaphragm (black bars) and gastrocnemius (grey bars) muscles as measured by optical densities in arbitrary units (OD, a.u.). Definition of abbreviations: MDA, malondialdehyde; F, formoterol. Statistical significance is represented as follow: *** p ≤ 0.001 between non-cachexia controls and cancer-cachexia rats; § p ≤ 0.05 between cancer-cachexia rats and cancer-cachexia rats treated with formoterol. (D) Mean values and standard deviation of total protein tyrosine nitration in diaphragm (black bars) and gastrocnemius (grey bars) muscles as measured by optical densities in arbitrary units (OD, a.u.). Definition of abbreviations: F, formoterol. Statistical significance is represented as follow: * p ≤ 0.05 between non-cachexia controls and cancer-cachexia rats.