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. 2017 Nov 1;8(61):104367–104392. doi: 10.18632/oncotarget.22248

Table 4. The effect of piplartine-containing ruthenium complexes on gene expression of HCT116 cells.

Gene symbol Description RQ
DOX PL 1 2
BCL2 BCL2, apoptosis regulator 3.1 1.1 2.4 0.8
CCND1 cyclin D1 1.1 0.7 1.2 0.5
CDH1 cadherin 1 7.1 2.5 3.7 1.1
CDKN2A cyclin dependent kinase inhibitor 2A 1.8 1.6 2.5 1.2
CYCS cytochrome c, somatic 1.0 1.0 2.0 1.0
EGFR epidermal growth factor receptor 0.8 1.2 1.3 11,276.3
FADD Fas associated via death domain 1.1 0.4 0.6 74.1
FN1 fibronectin 1 3.6 2.0 3.8 N.d.
FOS Fos proto-oncogene, AP-1 transcription factor subunit 11.8 31.0 11.9 N.d.
FYN FYN proto-oncogene, Src family tyrosine kinase 1.3 1.7 2.5 1.8
FZD1 frizzled class receptor 1 1.0 1.0 2.3 0.9
GUSB glucuronidase beta 5.0 5.2 4.5 2.9
IGF1R insulin like growth factor 1 receptor 1.4 2.1 2.3 0.7
ITGA2B integrin subunit alpha 2b 4.5 3.0 3.1 0.1
ITGAV integrin subunit alpha V 1.3 1.0 1.4 1,149.0
JUN Jun proto-oncogene, AP-1 transcription factor subunit 4.1 3.8 3.7 2.3
KDR kinase insert domain receptor N.d. 8.3 4.4 1.4
MAP2K1 mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 1 0.7 0.8 0.8 2,107.2
MAP3K5 mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase kinase 5 1.0 0.6 0.3 4.3
MAPK3 mitogen-activated protein kinase 3 2.8 1.7 2.0 1.9
MAX MYC associated factor X N.d. 3.1 3.6 0.9
NFKBIA NF-κB inhibitor alpha 2.3 2.0 2.0 0.9
PIK3R1 phosphoinositide-3-kinase regulatory subunit 1 2.0 2.4 2.5 1.3
PTEN phosphatase and tensin homolog 1.8 0.5 2.0 0.8
PTK2 protein tyrosine kinase 2 1.2 0.6 1.6 2.4
PTK2B protein tyrosine kinase 2 beta 3.4 2.3 2.3 1.0
RAC1 ras-related C3 botulinum toxin substrate 1 (rho family, small GTP binding protein Rac1) 0.9 0.7 1.1 2.7
RAF1 Raf-1 proto-oncogene, serine/threonine kinase 2.0 0.6 2.0 0.9
SHC1 SHC adaptor protein 1 0.6 0.2 0.4 N.d.
SMAD4 SMAD family member 4 1.0 0.9 1.4 2.1
SOS1 SOS Ras/Rac guanine nucleotide exchange factor 1 0.7 0.9 1.2 0.2
SPP1 secreted phosphoprotein 1 1.2 1.3 2.5 10.1
TGFBR2 transforming growth factor beta receptor 2 0.9 1.2 2.4 1.1
TP53 tumor protein p53 3.3 1.2 3.5 1.5

HCT116 cells were treated with 2.5 μM of complex 1 and 5 μM of complex 2 for 12 h. The negative control was treated with the vehicle (0.1% of a solution containing 70% sorbitol, 25% tween 80 and 5% water) used for diluting the compounds tested. Doxorubicin (DOX, 1 μM) and piplartine (PL, 10 μM) were used as the positive controls. After treatment, total RNA was isolated and reverse transcribed. Gene expression was detected using the 96-well plate TaqMan® Array Human Molecular Mechanisms of Cancer. GAPDH, 18S and HPRT1 genes were used as endogenous gene for normalization. Values represent the relative quantitation (RQ) compared with the calibrator (cells treated with the negative control, RQ = 1.0). The genes were considered to be upregulated if RQ ≥ 2 and were considered to be downregulated if RQ ≤ 0.5. N.d. Not determinated.