Table II.
Weighted prevalence of types of treatment currently and ever received (lifetime) by children and adolescents aged 4–17 years with current ADHD (NS-DATA 2014)
| Currently receiving…
|
Lifetime… |
|||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Medication |
School support*
|
Psychosocial treatments†
|
Medication |
School support*
|
Psychosocial treatments†
|
|||||||
| % | 95% CI | % | 95% CI | % | 95% CI | % | 95% CI | % | 95% CI | % | 95% CI | |
| Overall | 66.9 | (63.5–70.2) | 64.7 | (61.4–68.0) | 32.5 | (29.2–36.0) | 90.8 | (88.4–92.7) | 85.8 | (83.2–88.0) | 62.2 | (58.8–65.5) |
| Sex‡ | ||||||||||||
| Male | 67.3 | (63.2–71.3) | 65.2 | (61.2–69.0) | 33.9 | (29.9–38.1) | 90.8 | (87.8–93.1) | 86.8 | (83.8–89.3) | 63.9 | (59.9–67.8) |
| Female | 66.0 | (59.6–71.9) | 63.6 | (57.3–69.6) | 29.3 | (23.7–35.5) | 90.7 | (86.2–93.8) | 83.3 | (77.8–87.6) | 58.0 | (51.7–64.1) |
| Age group | ||||||||||||
| 4–11 y | 76.1 | (70.4–80.9) | 71.7 | (66.0–76.7) | 44.7 | (38.7–50.9) | 88.5 | (83.8–92.0) | 85.8 | (81.1–89.5) | 69.6 | (63.9–74.7) |
| 12–17y | 62.3 | (57.9–66.4) | 61.2 | (56.9–65.2) | 26.1 | (22.5–30.2) | 91.9 | (89.0–94.1) | 85.7 | (82.5–88.5) | 58.4 | (54.1–62.6) |
| Race‡ | ||||||||||||
| White | 69.2 | (65.2–72.8) | 63.3 | (59.5–67.0) | 29.5 | (25.9–33.4) | 93.3 | (90.9–95.2) | 84.0 | (80.8–86.7) | 59.6 | (55.7–63.5) |
| Black | 61.6 | (51.8–70.6) | 68.0 | (58.2–76.5) | 44.8 | (35.3–54.7) | 83.3 | (74.7–89.5) | 89.4 | (81.9–94.0) | 65.2 | (55.3–74.0) |
| Multiracial/other | 61.1 | (50.2–70.9) | 67.3 | (56.5–76.6) | 32.5 | (23.4–43.1) | 86.4 | (77.2–92.2) | 91.0 | (83.0–95.4) | 73.4 | (63.6–81.3) |
| Ethnicity‡ | ||||||||||||
| Non-Hispanic/Latino | 68.8 | (65.2–72.2) | 64.6 | (61.0–68.0) | 31.4 | (28.0–35.1) | 92.3 | (90.0–94.0) | 85.0 | (82.2–87.4) | 60.6 | (56.9–64.2) |
| Hispanic/Latino | 56.9 | (46.2–67.0) | 64.5 | (53.8–73.9) | 35.9 | (26.2–46.9) | 83.3 | (73.1–90.1) | 89.3 | (79.9–94.6) | 69.6 | (59.4–78.1) |
| Primary language in the home‡ | ||||||||||||
| English | 67.5 | (64.0–70.8) | 64.3 | (60.9–67.6) | 31.6 | (28.3–35.0) | 91.6 | (89.3–93.4) | 85.3 | (82.6–87.6) | 61.7 | (58.2–65.1) |
| Any other language | 50.8 | (28.4–72.9) | 76.9 | (53.4–90.6) | 61.1 | (36.6–81.0) | 68.4 | (42.6–86.3) | 99.9 | (99.2–100.0) | 76.7 | (52.9–90.6) |
| Percentage of federal poverty level | ||||||||||||
| <100% | 63.8 | (55.9–71.0) | 66.4 | (58.4–73.5) | 44.1 | (36.3–52.2) | 85.2 | (78.7–90.0) | 88.1 | (81.7–92.4) | 73.2 | (65.5–79.7) |
| 100%-199% | 63.6 | (55.6–70.9) | 66.2 | (58.5–73.1) | 34.8 | (27.7–42.6) | 92.2 | (86.7–95.5) | 85.7 | (79.3–90.3) | 62.9 | (55.0–70.1) |
| ≥200% | 69.4 | (64.9–73.6) | 62.0 | (57.6–66.3) | 23.8 | (20.2–27.8) | 93.0 | (90.0–95.1) | 83.8 | (80.1–86.9) | 56.0 | (51.4–60.4) |
| Any healthcare coverage | ||||||||||||
| Public insurance | 67.9 | (62.6–72.9) | 68.7 | (63.4–73.5) | 41.9 | (36.6–47.5) | 89.7 | (85.8–92.6) | 87.9 | (83.9–91.0) | 70.1 | (64.8–74.8) |
| Private insurance | 66.7 | (62.0–71.0) | 62.2 | (57.7–66.5) | 23.4 | (19.7–27.6) | 91.9 | (88.6–94.3) | 84.4 | (80.8–87.4) | 55.5 | (50.9–60.0) |
| Uninsured | 48.6 | (23.5–74.4) | 36.1§ | (17.1–60.8) | 11.6¶ | (4.1–29.0) | 91.8 | (77.6–97.3) | 75.6 | (43.3–92.6) | 26.0§ | (11.9–47.6) |
| Continuous insurance over past year | ||||||||||||
| No | 45.4 | (31.1–60.4) | 59.0 | (43.2–73.2) | 27.2 | (16.2–42.1) | 86.9 | (71.2–94.7) | 82.2 | (66.0–91.6) | 51.2 | (36.0–66.2) |
| Yes | 69.0 | (65.5–72.3) | 65.6 | (62.1–68.9) | 33.0 | (29.6–36.7) | 91.1 | (88.6–93.0) | 86.1 | (83.5–88.4) | 63.7 | (60.2–67.1) |
| Receives care in a medical home‡ | ||||||||||||
| No | 64.8 | (59.9–69.4) | 69.5 | (64.8–73.8) | 36.7 | (32.1–41.6) | 89.9 | (86.4–92.6) | 89.9 | (86.6–92.4) | 68.8 | (64.2–73.1) |
| Yes | 70.4 | (65.3–75.0) | 57.6 | (52.4–62.6) | 25.7 | (21.3–30.7) | 93.1 | (89.8–95.3) | 80.2 | (75.6–84.0) | 53.2 | (48.0–58.4) |
| Region‡ | ||||||||||||
| Northeast | 67.5 | (58.3–75.6) | 71.3 | (62.5–78.8) | 36.7 | (28.3–46.0) | 87.2 | (79.8–92.2) | 85.9 | (77.4–91.6) | 65.8 | (56.7–73.8) |
| Midwest | 69.0 | (62.0–75.3) | 68.1 | (61.8–73.9) | 38.2 | (31.4–45.4) | 94.9 | (91.1–97.2) | 87.0 | (82.4–90.5) | 61.9 | (55.0–68.3) |
| South | 66.4 | (60.9–71.5) | 64.0 | (58.7–69.1) | 32.1 | (27.1–37.6) | 91.1 | (87.0–94.0) | 85.2 | (81.1–88.6) | 59.6 | (54.1–64.8) |
| West | 65.1 | (57.0–72.5) | 56.6 | (48.5–64.3) | 22.9 | (16.8–30.4) | 87.7 | (80.7–92.4) | 85.4 | (78.2–90.5) | 65.9 | (58.2–73.0) |
| Current ADHD severity | ||||||||||||
| Mild | 53.8 | (47.6–59.8) | 53.9 | (47.8–59.9) | 21.3 | (16.5–27.1) | 84.9 | (79.8–88.9) | 83.0 | (78.0–87.1) | 51.1 | (44.9–57.3) |
| Moderate | 69.7 | (64.7–74.2) | 65.8 | (61.0–70.3) | 34.3 | (29.6–39.3) | 92.5 | (88.9–95.0) | 84.9 | (81.1–88.1) | 65.5 | (60.7–70.0) |
| Severe | 79.8 | (71.7–86.0) | 78.9 | (70.5–85.3) | 44.8 | (36.7–53.2) | 95.4 | (89.9–97.9) | 92.8 | (86.2–96.4) | 71.2 | (62.7–78.5) |
| Age of diagnosis | ||||||||||||
| Before 6 y | 73.3 | (67.3–78.5) | 72.2 | (66.1–77.6) | 47.5 | (41.1–54.0) | 91.7 | (88.0–94.3) | 88.6 | (83.9–92.0) | 74.7 | (68.8–79.9) |
| 6–10 y | 64.8 | (60.1–69.1) | 62.4 | (57.9–66.6) | 25.6 | (21.8–29.9) | 90.0 | (86.4–92.7) | 85.4 | (81.9–88.4) | 57.3 | (52.7–61.7) |
| 11 y or older | 59.5 | (47.7–70.4) | 52.7 | (41.0–64.1) | 23.1 | (14.2–35.2) | 92.2 | (82.8–96.7) | 76.1 | (65.1–84.4) | 49.1 | (37.5–60.8) |
| Ever co-occurring condition** | ||||||||||||
| None | 62.4 | (55.1–69.1) | 43.3 | (36.5–50.3) | 12.8 | (8.6–18.6) | 90.4 | (84.9–94.0) | 75.2 | (68.6–80.8) | 38.2 | (31.6–45.3) |
| Any | 68.4 | (64.4–72.1) | 71.5 | (67.7–74.9) | 38.7 | (34.8–42.8) | 90.9 | (88.1–93.1) | 89.1 | (86.3–91.3) | 69.8 | (65.9–73.3) |
| Current co-occurring condition** | ||||||||||||
| None | 63.5 | (57.6–69.0) | 40.4 | (35.0–46.1) | 13.3 | (9.7–18.0) | 90.4 | (86.0–93.5) | 74.7 | (69.3–79.4) | 42.3 | (36.7–48.1) |
| Any | 68.7 | (64.4–72.8) | 77.4 | (73.6–80.8) | 42.5 | (38.2–47.0) | 91.0 | (87.9–93.3) | 91.5 | (88.8–93.7) | 72.6 | (68.5–76.4) |
Bold = overall χ2 test was statistically significant (P < .05).
Underline = overall χ2 test approached statistical significance (.05 ≤ P < .10).
School supports include school-based educational support and/or classroom management.
Psychosocial treatments include peer interventions, social skills training, cognitive behavioral therapy, and/or parent training.
Subgroup classification data from 2011–2012 NSCH.
Estimate is unstable and may be unreliable. It has a relative SE between 30% and 50% and should be interpreted with caution.
Estimate is unreliable. It has a relative SE larger than 50% and should not be used except for inferential statistics (eg, comparisons with other estimates).
Co-occurring conditions included oppositional defiant disorder, conduct disorder, obsessive compulsive disorder, post-traumatic stress disorder, anxiety, bipolar disorder, other mood disorder such as depression, autism spectrum disorder or pervasive developmental disorder, sleep disorder, intellectual disability, learning disorder, language disorder, and/or tics.