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. 2017 Dec 12;8:1026. doi: 10.3389/fphys.2017.01026

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Copyright © 2017 Stribos, Seelen, van Goor, Olinga and Mutsaers.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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Expression of fibrosis and inflammatory markers during incubation of mPCKS. (A) mRNA expression of inflammation markers. (B) mRNA expression of fibrosis markers. (C) Protein levels of collagen type 1, α-SMA, and HSP47 at baseline and 48 h with representative Western blot images. (D) Picrosirius red staining of mPCKS visibly increased at 72 h compared to baseline expression (0 h). ^*p < 0.05, ^**p < 0.001, ^***p < 0.001, ^****p < 0.0001. Data is expressed as mean (±SEM), n = 3–5. Il1b, interleukin 1 beta; Il6, interleukin 6; Cxcl1, C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 1; Col1a1, collagen type I alpha 1; Serpinh1, serine proteinase inhibitor clade H (Heat Shock Protein 47) member 1; Fn1, fibronectin 1; Acta2, alpha 2 smooth muscle actin; Pai-1, Plasminogen activator inhibitor-1; α-SMA (alpha smooth muscle actin); HSP47, heat-shock protein 47; kDa, kilodalton.