CD274 and CD273 VDREs act as enhancer elements.
A, tandem CD274 (5′-end only) and PDCD1LG1 genes and positions of VDREs. The dotted red arrow upstream of CD273 VDRE indicates eRNA. B–G, ChIP analysis in extracts of SCC25 (B, D, and F) or THP-1 cells (C, E, and G) of 1,25D-dependent binding of the VDR (B and C) to the VDREs in the CD274 and CD273 genes, along with effects of 1,25D on histone H3 Lys-4 monomethylation (D and E) and histone H3 Lys-27 acetylation (F and G). The -fold change is calculated relative to the nonspecific IgG IP performed with the control sample. C, vehicle (24 h); D, 100 nm 1,25D (24 h) (n = 3); ns > 0.05 ≥ * ≥ 0.01 ≥ ** ≥ 0.001 ≥ ***. Error bars, S.D.