Table 3.
Characteristics and results of publications on coffee/caffeine and MAR treatment
| Author and year | Country | Design | Study groups included in the analyses | Source of caffeine | Controls for maternal age | Controls for other important covariates | Confounding factors | Main results | Total NOS-score |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Klonoff-Cohen et al, 200274 | US | Cohort | N=192 American women with primary or secondary infertility undergoing their first fresh, non-donor IVF, or GIFT cycle Cases: 40 |
Multiple | Yes | Yes | Smoking, alcohol use, age, race, education, parity, type of infertility, type of procedure, number of attempts, number of embryos transferred | Women with a caffeine intake of >2–50 mg/day during the week of the initial clinical visit had an increased risk of SAB OR: 9.50 (95% CI 1.40; 62.00) Women with a caffeine intake of >2–50 or >50 mg/day during the week of the initial clinical visit had an increased risk of not achieving a live birth OR: 2.90 (95% CI 1.10; 7.50) and OR: 3.80 (95% CI 1.40; 10.70), respectively) |
7 |
| Al-Saleh et al, 201075 | Saudi Arabia | Cohort | N=474 Saudi Arabian women undergoing their first IVF treatment Cases: 184 |
Multiple/coffee | Yes | Yes | Women’s age, BMI, cause of infertility, family income, smoking status, use of herbal treatment, and health status | No association between the chance of achieving a pregnancy and a coffee intake of >10 cups/day OR: 0.77 (95% CI 0.22; 2.74) No association between the chance of achieving a pregnancy and serum-caffeine OR: 0.93 (95% CI 0.65; 1.33) |
7 |
| Choi et al, 201176 | US | Cohort | N=2,474 American women undergoing IVF treatment at three fertility clinics in Boston and contributing 4,716 IVF cycles Cases: 1,147 |
Multiple | Yes | Yes | Female age, BMI, clinic site, study enrollment period, female tobacco use, female alcohol use, primary infertility diagnosis | No association between female caffeine consumption and the live birth rate Women with a caffeine intake of 1–114 mg/day or >200 mg/day had no decreased risk of achieving a live birth OR: 1.00 (95% CI 0.83; 1.21) and OR: 1.07 (95% CI 0.85; 1.34), respectively |
7 |
Abbreviations: GIFT, gamete intra-fallopian transfer; NOS, Newcastle–Ottawa scale; IVF, in vitro fertilization; SAB, spontaneous abortion; BMI, body mass index; OR, odds ratio.