Table 3.

β-Lactam Agents With US Food and Drug Administration Indications for Treating Staphylococcal Infections^a

Drug	Year Approved	Clinical Indications
Amoxicillin	1976	Ear, nose, throat, skin and skin structure, and lower respiratory tract infections
Amoxicillin-clavulanic acid	1984	Skin and skin structure infections
Ampicillin	1971	Respiratory tract infections, septicemia, and endocarditis
Ampicillin-sulbactam	1986	Skin and skin structure infections
Cefaclor	1979	Skin and skin structure infections
Cefamandole	1978	Lower respiratory tract, blood, skin and soft tissue, bone and joint infections
Cefazolin	1973	Respiratory tract, skin and skin structure, biliary tract, blood, bone and joint infections
Cefdinir	1997	Skin and skin structure infections
Cefepime	2010	Skin and skin structure infections
Cefmetazole	1989	Skin and soft tissue infections, urinary tract infections
Cefoperazone	1982	Respiratory tract, blood, skin and skin structure infections
Cefotaxime	2000	Lower respiratory tract, genitourinary, blood, skin and soft tissue, bone and joint infections
Cefotetan	1985	Lower respiratory tract, skin and skin structure, gynecologic, bone and joint infections
Cefpodoxime	1992	Skin and skin structure infections
Cefprozil	1991	Skin and skin structure infections
Ceftizoxime	1983	Blood, lower respiratory tract, urinary tract, intra-abdominal, skin and skin structure, bone and joint infections
Ceftriaxone	1984	Lower respiratory tract, blood, skin and soft tissue, bone and joint infections
Cefuroxime	1983	Lower respiratory tract, blood, skin and soft tissue, bone and joint infections
Cephalothin	1974	Skin and skin structure infections
Cloxacillin	1980	All infections caused by penicillinase-producing staphylococci that is methicillin susceptible
Dicloxacillin	1971	All infections caused by penicillinase-producing staphylococci that is methicillin susceptible
Ertapenem	2001	Skin and skin structure infections, osteomyelitis
Flucloxacillin	1971	Skin and soft tissue, respiratory tract, urinary tract, blood, and bone infections
Imipenem	1985	Lower respiratory tract, urinary tract, intra-abdominal, gynecologic, blood, skin and skin structure, bone and joint infections
Loracarbef	1991	Skin and skin structure infections
Meropenem	1996	Skin and skin structure infections
Methicillin	1961	All infections caused by penicillinase-producing staphylococci that is methicillin susceptible
Moxalactam	1980	Skin and soft tissue, bone and joint, respiratory tract infections
Nafcillin	1984	All infections caused by penicillinase-producing staphylococci that is methicillin susceptible
Oxacillin	1971	All infections caused by penicillinase-producing staphylococci that is methicillin susceptible
Penicillin	1964	Skin and soft tissue infection
Piperacillin-tazobactam	1993	Skin infections and nosocomial pneumonia
Ticarcillin-clavulanate	1985	Septicemia, lower respiratory tract, bone, joint, urinary tract, and gynecologic infections

^aDespite US Food and Drug Administration–approved indications, it is the opinion of the authors that ceftazidime should not be used for staphylococcal infections.