Table 2. Comparison of variables according to gender.
| Variable | Males [n = 6,768] |
Females [n = 12,475] |
P |
|---|---|---|---|
| Dependent variable | |||
| Mental health service for suicidal ideation | <0.001 | ||
| Non-use | 6,297 (93.0) | 11,166 (89.5) | |
| Use | 471 (7.0) | 1,309 (10.5) | |
| Sociodemographic factors | |||
| Age group | 0.019 | ||
| 19–44 years | 1,714 (25.3) | 3,303 (26.5) | |
| 45–64 years | 2,541 (37.5) | 4,775 (38.3) | |
| 65–74 years | 1,487 (22.0) | 2,513 (20.1) | |
| ≥75 years | 1,026 (15.2) | 1,884 (15.1) | |
| Residence type | <0.001 | ||
| Urban | 3,581 (52.9) | 7,059 (56.6) | |
| Rural | 3,187 (47.1) | 5,416 (43.4) | |
| Marital status | <0.001 | ||
| Married | 4,510 (66.6) | 7,380 (59.2) | |
| Never married | 1,020 (15.1) | 1,118 (9.0) | |
| Divorced/separated | 773 (11.4) | 1,075 (8.6) | |
| Widowed | 465 (6.9) | 2,902 (23.3) | |
| Household composition | <0.001 | ||
| Living alone | 1,049 (15.5) | 2,248 (18.0) | |
| Single generation | 2,301 (34.0) | 3,377 (27.1) | |
| Two generations | 2,901 (42.9) | 5,597 (44.9) | |
| Three generations | 517 (7.6) | 1,253 (10.0) | |
| Education level | <0.001 | ||
| No formal education | 334 (4.9) | 1,902 (15.2) | |
| Primary school | 1,544 (22.8) | 3,431 (27.5) | |
| Middle or high school | 3,201 (47.3) | 4,842 (38.8) | |
| College or higher | 1,689 (25.0) | 2,300 (18.4) | |
| Monthly household income | 0.034 | ||
| ≤1 million won | 2,646 (39.1) | 4,768 (38.2) | |
| 1.01–2 million won | 1,473 (21.8) | 2,595 (20.8) | |
| 2.01–4 million won | 1,652 (24.4) | 3,099 (24.8) | |
| 4.01 million won | 997 (14.7) | 2,013 (16.1) | |
| Employment status | <0.001 | ||
| Employed | 4,181 (61.8) | 5,659 (45.4) | |
| Unemployed | 2,462 (36.4) | 1,571 (12.6) | |
| Housewife or student | 125 (1.8) | 5,245 (42.0) | |
| National Basic Livelihood Security | 0.113 | ||
| Non-recipient | 6,191 (91.5) | 11,493 (92.1) | |
| Recipient | 577 (8.5) | 982 (7.9) | |
| Socio-familial relationships | |||
| Contact with family | <0.001 | ||
| <1 time per month | 1,821 (26.9) | 2,441 (19.6) | |
| ≥1 time per month | 4,947 (73.1) | 10,034 (80.4) | |
| Contact with neighbors | <0.001 | ||
| <1 time per month | 2,302 (34.0) | 3,446 (27.6) | |
| ≥1 time per month | 4,466 (66.0) | 9,029 (72.4) | |
| Contact with friends | 0.006 | ||
| <1 time per month | 2,081 (30.7) | 4,077 (32.7) | |
| ≥1 time per month | 4,687 (69.3) | 8,398 (67.3) | |
| Religious activities | <0.001 | ||
| <1 time per month | 5,492 (81.1) | 8,340 (66.9) | |
| ≥1 time per month | 1,276 (18.9) | 4,135 (33.1) | |
| Activities with friends | 0.007 | ||
| <1 time per month | 3,641 (53.8) | 6,962 (55.8) | |
| ≥1 time per month | 3,127 (46.2) | 5,513 (44.2) | |
| Leisure activities | <0.001 | ||
| <1 time per month | 5,374 (79.4) | 10,676 (85.6) | |
| ≥1 time per month | 1,394 (20.6) | 1,799 (14.4) | |
| Charitable activities | 0.893 | ||
| <1 time per month | 6,413 (94.8) | 11,815 (94.7) | |
| ≥1 time per month | 355 (5.2) | 660 (5.3) | |
| Health behaviors and health status | |||
| Smoking status | <0.001 | ||
| Never smokers | 1,149 (17.0) | 11,113 (89.1) | |
| Former smokers | 2,472 (36.5) | 533 (4.3) | |
| Current smokers | 3,147 (46.5) | 829 (6.6) | |
| Frequency of alcohol use | <0.001 | ||
| None | 1,867 (27.6) | 5,623 (45.1) | |
| ≤1 time per week | 2,266 (33.5) | 5,550 (44.5) | |
| 2–3 times per week | 1,266 (18.7) | 946 (7.6) | |
| ≥4 times per week | 1,369 (20.2) | 356 (2.9) | |
| Walking activity | 0.002 | ||
| ≤2 times per week | 2,834 (41.9) | 4,939 (39.6) | |
| ≥3 times per week | 3,934 (58.1) | 7,536 (60.4) | |
| Sleep duration | <0.001 | ||
| ≤6 h per day | 3,493 (51.6) | 6,990 (56.0) | |
| 7–8 h | 2,818 (41.6) | 4,934 (39.6) | |
| ≥9 h per day | 457 (6.8) | 551 (4.4) | |
| Self-rated health | <0.001 | ||
| Poor | 2,884 (42.6) | 5,662 (45.4) | |
| Fair | 2,406 (35.5) | 4,703 (37.7) | |
| Good | 1,478 (21.8) | 2,110 (16.9) | |
| Perceived daily stress | <0.001 | ||
| Low | 3,001 (44.3) | 4,955 (39.7) | |
| High | 3,767 (55.7) | 7,520 (60.3) | |
| Experience of depressed mood | <0.001 | ||
| No | 4,799 (70.9) | 8,146 (65.3) | |
| Yes | 1,969 (29.1) | 4,329 (34.7) | |
| Number of chronic diseases | <0.001 | ||
| ≤2 | 5,653 (83.5) | 9,233 (74.0) | |
| ≥3 | 1,115 (16.5) | 3,242 (26.0) | |
| Diagnosis of depression | <0.001 | ||
| No | 6,171 (91.2) | 10,657 (85.4) | |
| Yes | 597 (8.8) | 1,818 (14.6) | |
| Suicide attempt(s) | 0.009 | ||
| No | 6,454 (95.4) | 11,994 (96.1) | |
| Yes | 314 (4.6) | 481 (3.9) |