Table 2. Baseline characteristics by vaginal estrogen use* in those with or without hysterectomy (n=45,663).
| Intact Uterus† | Hysterectomy | Overall2 | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
| ||||||
| No VE1 | Yes VE1 | No VE1 | Yes VE1 | No VE1 | Yes VE1 | |
|
| ||||||
| N | 29,430 | 3,003 | 12,926 | 1,207 | 41,563 | 4,100 |
|
| ||||||
| N (%) | N (%) | N (%) | N (%) | N (%) | N (%) | |
|
| ||||||
| Age at baseline, years | ||||||
| Mean(SD) | 64.7 (7.3) | 65.3 (7.0) | 65.1 (7.4) | 66.0 (7.1) | 64.8 (7.4) | 65.5 (7.0) |
| <60 | 7,914 (26.9) | 667 (22.2) | 3,134 (24.2) | 238 (19.7) | 10,873 (26.2) | 881 (21.5) |
| 60-69 | 12,983 (44.1) | 1,419 (47.3) | 5,747 (44.5) | 556 (46.1) | 18,323 (44.1) | 1,912 (46.6) |
| ≥70 | 8,533 (29.0) | 917 (30.5) | 4,045 (31.3) | 413 (34.2) | 12,367 (29.8) | 1,307 (31.9) |
| Ethnicity | ||||||
| Asian or Pacific Islander | 885 (3.0) | 64 (2.1) | 237 (1.8) | 28 (2.3) | 1,107 (2.7) | 91 (2.2) |
| Black or African-American | 2,526 (8.6) | 122 (4.1) | 2,176 (16.9) | 80 (6.7) | 4,653 (11.2) | 201 (4.9) |
| Hispanic/Latino | 1,223 (4.2) | 66 (2.2) | 639 (5.0) | 32 (2.7) | 1,829 (4.4) | 95 (2.3) |
| White (not of Hispanic origin) | 24,198 (82.5) | 2,706 (90.5) | 9,569 (74.2) | 1,041 (86.5) | 33,085 (79.8) | 3,645 (89.2) |
| Other | 510 (1.7) | 33 (1.1) | 270 (2.1) | 22 (1.8) | 769 (1.9) | 53 (1.3) |
|
| ||||||
| Education | ||||||
| High school or less | 6,897 (23.6) | 531 (17.8) | 3,846 (30.1) | 262 (22.0) | 10,521 (25.5) | 773 (19.0) |
| Some college or vocational training | 10,320 (35.4) | 999 (33.5) | 5,057 (39.5) | 447 (37.5) | 15,110 (36.7) | 1,409 (34.7) |
| College grad or more | 11,959 (41.0) | 1,450 (48.7) | 3,892 (30.4) | 484 (40.6) | 15,556 (37.8) | 1,882 (46.3) |
|
| ||||||
| Family Income | ||||||
| Less than $50,000 | 17,477 (64.9) | 1,532 (55.4) | 8,535 (72.2) | 712 (63.6) | 25,521 (67.2) | 2,183 (57.7) |
| $50,000 to $99,999 | 7,131 (26.5) | 898 (32.5) | 2,626 (22.2) | 280 (25.0) | 9,573 (25.2) | 1,146 (30.3) |
| $100,000 or more | 2,303 (8.6) | 337 (12.2) | 659 (5.6) | 127 (11.3) | 2,910 (7.7) | 453 (12.0) |
|
| ||||||
| Any Insurance | ||||||
| No | 1,258 (4.3) | 75 (2.5) | 642 (5.0) | 26 (2.2) | 1,867 (4.6) | 100 (2.5) |
| Yes | 27,805 (95.7) | 2,905 (97.5) | 12,110 (95.0) | 1,162 (97.8) | 39,162 (95.4) | 3,961 (97.5) |
|
| ||||||
| Mammogram (last 2 years) | ||||||
| Mammogram within 2 years | 22,479 (79.2) | 2,650 (90.3) | 9,715 (78.6) | 1,022 (87.7) | 31,561 (79.0) | 3,575 (89.6) |
| No mammogram within 2 years | 5,887 (20.8) | 285 (9.7) | 2,650 (21.4) | 143 (12.3) | 8,397 (21.0) | 417 (10.4) |
|
| ||||||
| Bilateral Oophorectomy | ||||||
| No | 29,046 (99.4) | 2,972 (99.5) | 7,341 (60.7) | 755 (64.9) | 35,606 (87.9) | 3,617 (89.5) |
| Yes | 165 (0.6) | 15 (0.5) | 4,761 (39.3) | 409 (35.1) | 4,922 (12.1) | 424 (10.5) |
|
| ||||||
| Alcohol servings/week | ||||||
| Mean(SD) | 2.5 (5.2) | 2.7 (4.9) | 1.9 (4.6) | 2.1 (4.5) | 2.3 (5.0) | 2.5 (4.8) |
| None | 12,693 (43.2) | 1,111 (37.1) | 6,822 (52.9) | 580 (48.2) | 19,158 (46.2) | 1,644 (40.2) |
| <2 servings/week | 8,223 (28.0) | 881 (29.4) | 3,281 (25.5) | 306 (25.4) | 11,281 (27.2) | 1,157 (28.3) |
| 2 or more servings/week | 8,433 (28.7) | 1,004 (33.5) | 2,787 (21.6) | 318 (26.4) | 11,009 (26.6) | 1,290 (31.5) |
|
| ||||||
| Smoking status | ||||||
| Never Smoked | 15,039 (51.8) | 1,545 (52.1) | 6,665 (52.5) | 654 (55.0) | 21,305 (52.1) | 2,139 (52.9) |
| Past Smoker | 11,915 (41.1) | 1,318 (44.4) | 5,004 (39.4) | 493 (41.5) | 16,586 (40.5) | 1,763 (43.6) |
| Current Smoker | 2,058 (7.1) | 103 (3.5) | 1,018 (8.0) | 42 (3.5) | 3,021 (7.4) | 145 (3.6) |
|
| ||||||
| Physical Activity (total MET-hours/week) | ||||||
| Mean(SD) | 13.4 (14.4) | 15.5 (14.7) | 11.7 (13.7) | 13.2 (12.9) | 12.9 (14.2) | 14.9 (14.3) |
|
| ||||||
| Body mass index, kg/m2 | ||||||
| Mean(SD) | 27.6 (6.1) | 26.2 (5.1) | 28.9 (6.5) | 27.2 (5.4) | 28.0 (6.3) | 26.5 (5.2) |
| <25 | 11,137 (38.4) | 1,412 (47.7) | 3,850 (30.2) | 469 (39.2) | 14,722 (35.9) | 1,843 (45.5) |
| 25-<30 | 9,891 (34.1) | 1,036 (35.0) | 4,422 (34.7) | 444 (37.2) | 14,017 (34.2) | 1,433 (35.4) |
| ≥30 | 8,005 (27.6) | 513 (17.3) | 4,486 (35.2) | 282 (23.6) | 12,267 (29.9) | 774 (19.1) |
|
| ||||||
| Diabetes treated (pills or shots) | ||||||
| No | 28,050 (95.4) | 2,931 (97.6) | 11,932 (92.5) | 1,154 (95.7) | 39,213 (94.5) | 3,977 (97.0) |
| Yes | 1,343 (4.6) | 72 (2.4) | 972 (7.5) | 52 (4.3) | 2,292 (5.5) | 122 (3.0) |
|
| ||||||
| Systolic blood pressure | ||||||
| Mean(SD) | 128 (18.3) | 126 (17.6) | 130 (18.6) | 128 (18.3) | 128 (18.4) | 127 (17.9) |
|
| ||||||
| Diastolic blood pressure | ||||||
| Mean(SD) | 74.8 (9.5) | 73.8 (9.1) | 75.5 (9.8) | 74.9 (9.5) | 75.0 (9.6) | 74.1 (9.2) |
|
| ||||||
| Hypertension | ||||||
| Never hypertensive | 19,496 (67.6) | 2,105 (71.6) | 7,383 (58.5) | 717 (60.7) | 26,357 (64.8) | 2,746 (68.4) |
| Untreated hypertensive | 2,334 (8.1) | 243 (8.3) | 1,209 (9.6) | 123 (10.4) | 3,470 (8.5) | 356 (8.9) |
| Treated hypertensive | 7,004 (24.3) | 590 (20.1) | 4,039 (32.0) | 342 (28.9) | 10,866 (26.7) | 910 (22.7) |
|
| ||||||
| Age at Menopause | ||||||
| Mean (SD) | 50.2 (4.8) | 50.6 (4.7) | 45.3 (7.4) | 46.0 (7.1) | 48.8 (6.1) | 49.3 (5.8) |
|
| ||||||
| Fracture after Age 55+ | ||||||
| No | 19,612 (72.5) | 1,987 (72.3) | 8,560 (72.3) | 811 (73.4) | 27,626 (72.4) | 2,722 (72.6) |
| Yes | 4,396 (16.2) | 518 (18.9) | 1,921 (16.2) | 209 (18.9) | 6,193 (16.2) | 706 (18.8) |
| Age <55 | 3,052 (11.3) | 243 (8.8) | 1,360 (11.5) | 85 (7.7) | 4,351 (11.4) | 321 (8.6) |
|
| ||||||
| Menopausal hormone therapy usage at baseline | ||||||
| Never used | 23,535 (80.0) | 2,226 (74.1) | 8,106 (62.7) | 742 (61.5) | 30,980 (74.5) | 2,884 (70.3) |
| Past user | 5,895 (20.0) | 777 (25.9) | 4,820 (37.3) | 465 (38.5) | 10,583 (25.5) | 1,216 (29.7) |
|
| ||||||
| Age at First Birth, years | ||||||
| Never had term pregnancy | 4,096 (15.7) | 373 (13.8) | 1,422 (12.6) | 125 (11.7) | 5,445 (14.9) | 490 (13.3) |
| < 20 | 2,665 (10.2) | 191 (7.1) | 2,030 (17.9) | 123 (11.5) | 4,618 (12.6) | 307 (8.4) |
| 20-29 | 16,573 (63.6) | 1,851 (68.7) | 7,123 (63.0) | 736 (68.7) | 23,231 (63.4) | 2,518 (68.6) |
| 30+ | 2,721 (10.4) | 281 (10.4) | 737 (6.5) | 88 (8.2) | 3,372 (9.2) | 358 (9.7) |
|
| ||||||
| Gail breast cancer risk score | ||||||
| Mean (SD) | 1.8 (1.0) | 2.0 (1.0) | 1.8 (1.1) | 2.0 (1.1) | 1.8 (1.1) | 2.0 (1.1) |
|
| ||||||
| Female relative had breast cancer | ||||||
| No | 22,426 (80.8) | 2,272 (79.5) | 9,693 (79.8) | 912 (79.0) | 31,521 (80.5) | 3,092 (79.2) |
| Yes | 5,344 (19.2) | 586 (20.5) | 2,452 (20.2) | 243 (21.0) | 7,636 (19.5) | 813 (20.8) |
|
| ||||||
| Oral contraceptive use ever | ||||||
| No | 19,445 (66.1) | 1,877 (62.5) | 8,893 (68.8) | 810 (67.1) | 27,805 (66.9) | 2,620 (63.9) |
| Yes | 9,985 (33.9) | 1,126 (37.5) | 4,033 (31.2) | 397 (32.9) | 13,758 (33.1) | 1,480 (36.1) |
|
| ||||||
| Aspirin use med inventory | ||||||
| No | 23,428 (79.6) | 2,288 (76.2) | 10,290 (79.6) | 932 (77.2) | 33,105 (79.7) | 3,141 (76.6) |
| Yes | 6,002 (20.4) | 715 (23.8) | 2,636 (20.4) | 275 (22.8) | 8,458 (20.3) | 959 (23.4) |
|
| ||||||
| Statin use | ||||||
| No | 26,975 (91.7) | 2,766 (92.1) | 11,630 (90.0) | 1,070 (88.6) | 37,885 (91.2) | 3,738 (91.2) |
| Yes | 2,455 (8.3) | 237 (7.9) | 1,296 (10.0) | 137 (11.4) | 3,678 (8.8) | 362 (8.8) |
|
| ||||||
| Stroke ever | ||||||
| No | 28,952 (98.4) | 2,961 (98.6) | 12,584 (97.4) | 1,184 (98.3) | 40,755 (98.1) | 4,035 (98.5) |
| Yes | 469 (1.6) | 41 (1.4) | 335 (2.6) | 21 (1.7) | 793 (1.9) | 62 (1.5) |
|
| ||||||
| Myocardial infarction ever | ||||||
| No | 28,713 (97.6) | 2,958 (98.5) | 12,376 (95.9) | 1,170 (96.9) | 40,314 (97.1) | 4,020 (98.0) |
| Yes | 695 (2.4) | 45 (1.5) | 535 (4.1) | 37 (3.1) | 1,212 (2.9) | 80 (2.0) |
|
| ||||||
| Coronary artery bypass graft or percutaneous transluminal coronary artery angioplasty ever | ||||||
| No | 28,386 (98.1) | 2,919 (98.6) | 12,293 (97.2) | 1,158 (97.6) | 39,917 (97.8) | 3,974 (98.4) |
| Yes | 537 (1.9) | 42 (1.4) | 360 (2.8) | 28 (2.4) | 881 (2.2) | 65 (1.6) |
|
| ||||||
| History of cardiovascular disease* | ||||||
| No | 28,053 (95.3) | 2,898 (96.5) | 11,952 (92.5) | 1,140 (94.4) | 39,248 (94.4) | 3,933 (95.9) |
| Yes | 1,377 (4.7) | 105 (3.5) | 974 (7.5) | 67 (5.6) | 2,315 (5.6) | 167 (4.1) |
|
| ||||||
| Deep vein thrombosis or pulmonary embolism before study enrollment | ||||||
| No | 28,232 (95.9) | 2,861 (95.3) | 11,969 (92.6) | 1,108 (91.8) | 39,433 (94.9) | 3,864 (94.2) |
| Yes | 1,198 (4.1) | 142 (4.7) | 957 (7.4) | 99 (8.2) | 2,130 (5.1) | 236 (5.8) |
|
| ||||||
| History of cancer* | ||||||
| No | 27,687 (94.1) | 2,834 (94.4) | 11,650 (90.1) | 1,115 (92.4) | 38,585 (92.8) | 3,841 (93.7) |
| Yes | 1,743 (5.9) | 169 (5.6) | 1,276 (9.9) | 92 (7.6) | 2,978 (7.2) | 259 (6.3) |
*
Vaginal estrogen (cream or suppository) use is time-varying
†
Hysterectomy status is time-varying
*
History of cardiovascular disease includes a past history of myocardial infarction, stroke, or revascularization prior to study enrollment.
*
Not including breast, endometrial, or ovarian cancers (which were exclusion criteria)