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. 2017 Dec 18;7:17702. doi: 10.1038/s41598-017-17377-z

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© The Author(s) 2017

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Chronic epilepsy in an experimental rat model of Cortical Dysplasia. (A) Timeline of experimental procedures to study epileptogenesis in cortical dysplasia (CD) and non-CD control rats after Pentylenetetrazole (PTZ) induced acute seizures. (B) (Left) Percentage of total seizure duration spent in each stage of seizure severity based on Racine’s scale (Racine, 1972). Duration is expressed in seconds (numbers inside of bars, and separately in middle graph) and percent of total seizure duration (also shown in right graph separately). (C) Examples of EEG observed in stage 3 (left) and stage 5 (right) of seizure severity after PTZ injection. Error bars show standard error of the mean. Sample sizes: Non-CD + Saline n = 6, Non-CD + PTZ n = 8, CD + Saline n = 7, CD + PTZ n = 8.