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Illustration of the three γ-butyrolactone structural types described to date, differing in group and conformation at the C6 position. A-factor was first described in Streptomyces griseus 15; IM-2 molecules were first identified in Streptomyces lavendulae 24; VB molecules were first reported for Streptomyces venezuelae 22. Adapted from Martin-Sanchez et al.27.
