Fig. 2.

Pareto frontiers depicting optimal flow designs for Navajo Dam. Designer flows differentially prioritized human water needs, average native fish abundance gains, and average nonnative fish abundance losses during the a wet (high-flow) period, b normal (average-flow), and c dry (low-flow) period. Predicted effects on abundances (individual m⁻²) are on the log-scale averaged across all years, river reaches, and species within each scenario. Each point represents a different flow design. The triangle symbol in each panel designates sample flow design used for discussion of designer flow approach in main text. The star symbol in each panel indicates the outcomes of hypothetical natural flow mimicry with no deficit to human water needs