. 2017 Nov 22;2017:8404328. doi: 10.1155/2017/8404328

Table 3.

Pairwise comparison of self-care and its domains as well as clinical outcomes among the three groups at the beginning and at the end of the study.

Variable	Group	Control	Face-to-face education
Dietary adherence	Face-to-face education	P = 0.0001^∗∗	—
Dietary adherence	Phone education	P = 0.0001^∗∗	P = 0.043^∗∗

Physical activity	Face-to-face education	P = 0.0001^∗	—
Physical activity	Phone education	P = 0.0001^∗	P = 0.04^∗

Blood glucose monitoring	Face-to-face education	P = 0.0001^∗	—
Blood glucose monitoring	Phone education	P = 0.0001^∗	P = 0.994^∗

Foot care	Face-to-face education	P = 0.0001^∗	—
Foot care	Phone education	P = 0.0001^∗	P = 0.235^∗

The overall self-care	Face-to-face education	P = 0.0001^∗	—
The overall self-care	Phone education	P = 0.0001^∗	P = 0.011^∗

BMI	Face-to-face education	P = 0.836^∗	—
BMI	Phone education	P = 0.827^∗	P = 0.482^∗

FBS (mg/dl)	Face-to-face education	P = 0.384^∗	—
FBS (mg/dl)	Phone education	P = 0.766^∗	P = 0.804^∗

Cholesterol (mg/dl)	Face-to-face education	P = 0.088^∗	—
Cholesterol (mg/dl)	Phone education	P = 0.026^∗	P = 0.872^∗

Triglyceride (mg/dl)	Face-to-face education	P = 0.048^∗	—
Triglyceride (mg/dl)	Phone education	P = 0.003^∗	P = 0.584^∗

HbA1c (%)	Face-to-face education	P = 0.344^∗	—
HbA1c (%)	Phone education	P = 0.236^∗	P = 0.971^∗

^∗∗Tukey's test. ^∗The rank sum difference.