Table 1.

Need for operation

Group	n	Need for Operation
Short-duration group	49	Supracondylar fracture of humerus, clavicle fracture, metatarsal and toe bone fractures
Moderate-duration group	51	Ulnar fracture, radius fracture, femoral fracture
Long-duration group	79	Compound fracture, dislocation of hip joint, chronic fracture healing deformity

The need for surgery was a single cause and the general anesthesia/surgical procedure was likely to have no or negligible effects on cognitive functions and the development of intelligence