Table 2. Cross-sectional and prospective associations of BMI with blood pressure at age 9 years in the multiple imputation data.
| Exposure | Systolic blood pressure (mmHg) at 9 years | Diastolic blood pressure (mmHg) at 9 years | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mean difference | Mean difference | Mean difference | Mean difference | Mean difference | Mean difference | ||
| (95% CI) | (95% CI) | (95% CI) | (95% CI) | (95% CI) | (95% CI) | ||
| BMI z-score at 9 years | All (N = 1223) | Boys (N = 556) | Girls (N = 667) | All (N = 1223) | Boys (N = 556) | Girls (N = 667) | |
| (per SD of BMI)* | |||||||
| Model 1 | 1.11 (0.41, 1.81) | 1.81 (0.97, 2.64) | 0.63 (-0.41, 1.66) | 0.89 (0.20, 1.59) | 1.34 (0.58, 2.11) | 0.52 (-0.51, 1.55) | |
| Model 2 | 1.10 (0.34, 1.87) | 2.04 (1.09, 2.99) | 0.41 (-0.72, 1.55) | 0.86 (0.13, 1.60) | 1.66 (0.76, 2.56) | 0.28 (-0.81, 1.37) | |
| P value for gender interaction | 0.06 | 0.19 | |||||
| Overweight (vs normal weight) at 9 years* | |||||||
| Model 1 | 2.05 (0.61, 3.49) | 2.32 (0.24, 4.40) | 2.15 (0.40, 3.91) | 2.04 (0.55, 3.52) | 1.90 (-0.24, 4.04) | 2.11 (0.18, 4.04) | |
| Model 2 | 1.94 (0.47, 3.41) | 2.46 (0.21, 4.71) | 1.76 (-0.09, 3.62) | 1.91 (0.36, 3.47) | 2.23 (-0.01, 4.48) | 1.66 (-0.38, 3.70) | |
| P value for gender interaction | 0.80 | 0.85 | |||||
| BMI z-score at 6 years | All (N = 685) | Boys (N = 323) | Girls (N = 362) | All (N = 685) | Boys (N = 323) | Girls (N = 362) | |
| (per SD of BMI)† | |||||||
| Model 1 | 1.26 (0.19, 2.34) | 1.61 (0.14, 3.08) | 1.00 (-0.27, 2.28) | 0.98 (0.05, 1.90) | 1.22 (-0.10, 2.54) | 0.72 (-0.39, 1.84) | |
| Model 2 | 1.43 (0.31, 2.54) | 2.00 (0.53, 3.48) | 0.92 (-0.48, 2.32) | 1.07 (0.12, 2.03) | 1.52 (0.14, 2.89) | 0.67 (-0.55, 1.88) | |
| P value for gender interaction | 0.47 | 0.58 | |||||
| Overweight (vs normal weight) at 6 years† | |||||||
| Model 1 | 1.67 (-1.21, 4.55) | -0.31 (-4.29, 3.66) | 3.40 (0.21, 6.59) | 1.71 (-0.96, 4.37) | -0.88 (-4.90, 3.13) | 3.79 (0.95, 6.64) | |
| Model 2 | 1.99 (-0.89, 4.86) | 0.53 (-3.37, 4.42) | 3.32 (0.09, 6.55) | 1.87 (-0.89, 4.63) | -0.32 (-4.69, 4.04) | 3.78 (0.73, 6.82) | |
| P value for gender interaction | 0.10 | 0.03 | |||||
* Model 1 is unadjusted; Model 2 is adjusted for the household IMD score, maternal BMI, paternal BMI at 9 years and parental high blood pressure
† Model 1 is unadjusted; Model 2 is adjusted for the household IMD score, maternal BMI, paternal BMI at 6 years and parental high blood pressure