Table 6. Clinical parameters before and after CPAP.
| Variables | DM (n = 15) | Non-DM (n = 13) | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Before CPAP | After CPAP | P value | Before CPAP | After CPAP | P value | |
| Age, years | 74.2±7.7 | - | - | 68.1±10.2 | - | - |
| Male | 10 (66.7) | 10 (66.7) | - | 10 (76.9) | 10 (76.9) | - |
| BMI, kg/m2 | 25.5±4.3 | 25.5±4.3 | 0.86 | 27.3±3.6 | 27.0±3.9 | 0.82 |
| Systolic BP, mmHg | 131.1±19.1 | 118.8±15.0 | 0.02 | 125.1±13.3 | 113.1±10.4 | 0.03 |
| Diastolic BP, mmHg | 67.1±13.4 | 64.1±8.5 | 0.26 | 66.9±17.2 | 67.6±9.3 | 0.86 |
| Laboratory variables | ||||||
| HbA1c, % | 7.1±1.7 | 7.0±1.4 | 0.73 | 5.7±0.3 | 5.9±0.6 | 0.05 |
| HOMA-R | 2.35±1.39 | 2.32±1.75 | 0.95 | 2.62±2.43 | 2.31±2.36 | 0.07 |
| Triglyceride, mg/dl | 106 (71–151) | 108 (85–160) | 0.33 | 101 (65–166) | 95 (83–171) | 0.72 |
| HDL-C, mg/dl | 47.7±11.9 | 45.9±8.7 | 0.50 | 46.7±11.4 | 48.5±9.1 | 0.32 |
| LDL-C, mg/dl | 87.7±38.5 | 96.0±39.9 | 0.49 | 94.6±30.0 | 104.6±33.4 | 0.24 |
| BNP, pg/ml | 57.4 (19.9–194.7) | 81.9 (17.1–129.0) | 0.23 | 72.6 (23.7–197.6) | 56.6 (9.0–72.9) | 0.41 |
| Sleep variables | ||||||
| AHI, no./h | 37.3±18.0 | 7.2±6.5 | <0.01 | 49.1±16.1 | 7.0±5.5 | <0.01 |
| CPAP usage time, hr/night | - | 5.3±2.3 | - | - | 6.5±1.8 | - |
| CPAP treatment duration, day | - | 104.4±114.1 | - | - | 87.0±109.2 | - |
| Glycemic variables | ||||||
| Mean blood glucose, mg/dl | 145.7±30.7 | 148.9±39.6 | 0.74 | 117.2±12.6 | 117.3±10.7 | 0.51 |
| MAGE, mg/dl | 78.6 (74.9–125.0) | 71.8 (49.2–115.6) | 0.07 | 75.3 (58.2–101.3) | 52.9 (43.1–69.2) | 0.01 |
| SD, mg/dl | 32.4±12.7 | 27.4±13.4 | 0.12 | 25.8±11.7 | 18.1±5.2 | <0.01 |
| %CV, mg/dl | 22.4±8.2 | 18.5±8.0 | 0.09 | 22.0±9.3 | 15.4±3.8 | <0.01 |
Data are presented as means±SD, No. (%) or median (IQR)
BMI = body mass index, BP = blood pressure, HbA1c = glycated hemoglobin, HOMA-R = homeostasis model assessment ratio
HDL-C = high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, LDL-C = low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, BNP = brain natriuretic peptide
AHI = apnea-hypopnea index, CPAP = continuous positive airway pressure, MAGE = mean amplitude of glycemic excursions
SD = standard deviation, %CV = percentage coefficient of variation