Compound 19 enhances mitochondrial function. A). 50B11 cells were seeded into the 96 well plates, maintained in high glucose DMEM supplemented with 10% fetal bovine serum. After 12 hours, 50B11 cells were changed into high glucose DMEM medium with 1% FBS, treated together with 1.0 μM 3, 4, 39d, 39e, 40a, 31. After 24 hr, the cells were stressed with 0.5mM H2O2 for 2hr. H2O2 can largely inhibit 50B11 mitochondrial bioenergetics, indicated by largely decreased response to FCCP. 1μM 3,4 and 39e can significantly increase cellular Maximal Respiratory Capacity (MRC) of oxidative stress. 50B11 cells were treated for 16 hr with DMSO, 3, 4, 31, 39e, 39d, 40a. B). Bar graph representation of data acquired in A, * p<0.05 vs H2O2.