Table 1.

HIV-related healthcare costs^§

Health care provision	Unit cost (2014 USD)
HIV testing (cost per diagnostic test)	15[19]
Pre-antiretroviral therapy care (per-person-year)
CD4 count >350 cells per μL	97[22]
CD4 count >200–350 cells per μL	106[22]
CD4 count ≤200 cells per μL	141[22]
Initiation of antiretroviral therapy (cost per initiation)
Patients in pre-antiretroviral therapy care	37[22]
Patients not in pre-antiretroviral therapy care	50[22]
ART costs
Cost of ART drug provision (per person-year)	214[23]
Health-care use for HIV-positive people not linked to care (per person-year)
CD4 count >350 cells per μL, not in HIV care	4[22]
CD4 count >200–350 cells per μL, not in HIV care	13[22]
CD4 count ≤200 cells per μL, not in HIV care	48[22]
End-of-life care (per death)	38[22]
Supply-chain management and programmatic support
Supply-chain management	20% mark-up on all ART costs[22]
Programmatic support†	50% mark-up on all non-ART costs[22]

^§Costs from Zambia (Eaton et. al) were adapted to Kenya using the ratio of two country’s gross domestic product per capita. ART costs were obtained from a national costing analysis from Kenya. HIV testing costs were obtained from a facility-based costing study in Kenya. All costs were inflated to 2014 Kenyan shillings and converted to 2014 US dollars. Health-care use for HIV-positive persons not linked to care includes both outpatient and inpatient costs.

^†The mark-up for programmatic support applies to non-intervention costs only.