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MR1-dependent and independent mucosal-associated invariant T (MAIT) cell activation. Bacterial and fungal ligands can be presented by MR1 to MAIT cells and induce their activation. MAIT cells can also be activated independently from MR1 by different types of cytokines secreted by infected cells. After their activation, MAIT cells proliferate and release cytokines and cytolytic enzymes, which allow infected cell lysis and promote the recruitment and activation of other immune cells.
