FIG 1.

B. abortus infection induces autophagy in LX-2 cells. (A) LX-2 cells were infected with B. abortus at an MOI of 100 and 1,000, cell lysates obtained at 24 h postinfection were used to determine LC3 I and II, Beclin-1, and p62 production by Western blotting (vertical line, spliced image to eliminate redundant results at an MOI of 500). (B to D) Densitometric analysis of results from three independent experiments performed as described for panel A: LC3 II/LC3 I ratio (B) and Beclin-1 (C) and p62 (D) production. Data are given as the means ± SD from at least three individual experiments. *, P < 0.05; **, P < 0.01 versus noninfected cells (N.I.).