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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2018 Mar 1.
Published in final edited form as: Clin Cancer Res. 2017 Sep 1;23(17):4980–4991. doi: 10.1158/1078-0432.CCR-16-3064

Table 1.

Immunotherapeutic agents in current development

Co-inhibitory molecules (targets of immune checkpoint inhibitors) Co-stimulatory molecules (targets of immune-stimulatory agonists)
  • -

    CTLA-4

  • -

    PD-1

  • -

    PD-L1

  • -

    LAG3

  • -

    TIM3

  • -

    BTLA

  • -

    TIGIT

  • -

    VISTA

  • -

    KIR
  • -

    OX40 (CD134)

  • -

    GITR

  • -

    CD137

  • -

    CD40

  • -

    ICOS

  • -

    4-1BB
Vaccines Adoptive T cell therapy
  • -

    Tumor antigen-based vaccines

  • -

    Dendritic cell-based vaccines
  • -

    Tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILS)

  • -

    Chimeric antigen receptors (CAR)

  • -

    T cell receptor (TCR) transduction

  • -

    Natural killer (NK) cells
Immunosuppressive soluble factors Cytokines
  • -

    IDO-1

  • -

    Adenosine
  • -

    IL-1

  • -

    IL-5

  • -

    IL-7

  • -

    IL-15

  • -

    IL-21
Oncolytic virus T regulatory cell depletion therapy
  • -

    T-VEC
  • -

    Cytotoxic chemotherapy

  • -

    Anti-CD25
Bispecific T cell engaging antibody-based technologies Endogenous adjuvants
  • -

    Blinatumomab (CD3/CD19 construct)

  • -

    IMCgp100 (TCR/anti-CD3 T cell redirector)
  • -

    Stimulator of interferon genes (STING) agonists

  • -

    Toll like receptor (TLR) agonists

CTLA-4, cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated antigen-4; PD-1, programmed death 1; PD-L1, programmed death ligand 1; LAG3, lymphocyte activation gene 3; TIM3, T cell immunoglobulin (Ig)-3; BTLA, B and T lymphocyte attenuator; TIGIT, T cell immunoglobulin and ITIM domain; VISTA, V-domain Ig-containing suppressor of T cell activation; KIR, killer IgG-like receptor; GITR, Glucocorticoid-induced tumour necrosis factor receptor; ICOS, Inducible T cell COStimulator; IDO-1, idoleamine-2,3-dioxygenase 1; IL, interleukin; T-VEC, Talimogene laherparepvec; TCR, T cell receptor.