Table 1. Photophysical and binding properties of chromophores and chromophore-NG16 complexes.

Chromophore	Exmax (nm)	Emmax (nm)	ϵ (M−1 cm−1)	Stokes shift (nm)	Q.Y.b	K d (μM)
DFHBMSI-NG16	499	583	16 950	84	0.37	1.56 ± 0.31
DFHBMSI	500	570	18 200	70	0.0072	N/Aa
DFHBSI-NG16	503	590	17 350	87	0.31	1.76 ± 025
DFHBSI	501	576	19 210	75	0.0066	N/A
DFHBFSI-NG16	513	606	28 200	93	0.39	1.27 ± 0.11
DFHBFSI	511	594	32 000	83	0.0052	N/A
DFHBNI-NG16	521	612	37 500	91	0.30	1.37 ± 0.19
DFHBNI	517	600	38 840	83	0.0048	N/A
DFHBASI-NG16	538	620	22 800	82	0.19	2.77 ± 0.58
DFHBASI	540	614	23 890	74	0.0028	N/A
DFHBAPBI-NG16	547	668	15 500	121	0.032	24.88 ± 0.82
DFHBAPBI	548	662	16 120	114	0.0011	N/A
mCherry	587	610	72 000	23	0.22	N/A

^aNot applicable.

^bQuantum yields were calculated using rhodamine 6G (Φf = 0.95 in water) as standard for DFHBMSI, DFHBSI, DFHBFSI, DFHBNI and DFHBASI, and sulfoindo cyanine dye Cy5 (Φf = 0.20 in PBS) as standard for DFHBAPBI.