Table 2.
Characteristics of children using HMV
| Characteristic, n (%) | Overall (n=226) |
Invasive ventilation (n=152) |
Noninvasive ventilation (n=74) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age, median years (IQR) | 7 (6–8) | 7 (6–8) | 7 (6–12) |
| Age started using HMV, median years (IQR) | 3 (2–4) | 3 (2–3) | 3 (2–5) |
| HMV usage | |||
| >16 hours/day | 177 (78) | 138 (91) | 39 (53) |
| <16 hours/day | 49 (22) | 14 (9) | 35 (47) |
| Underlying condition | |||
| Spinal muscular atrophy type 1 | 61 (27) | 44 (29) | 17 (23) |
| Spinal muscular atrophy type 2 | 28 (12) | 12 (8) | 16 (22) |
| Muscular dystrophy | 31 (14) | 16 (11) | 15 (20) |
| Cerebral palsy | 25 (11) | 19 (13) | 6 (8) |
| Hypoventilation (eg, CCHS, obstructive apnea) | 20 (9) | 15 (10) | 5 (7) |
| Chronic pulmonary condition | 14 (6) | 9 (6) | 5 (7) |
| Thoracic cage abnormality | 10 (4) | 7 (5) | 3 (4) |
| Myopathy | 9 (4) | 6 (4) | 3 (4) |
| Diaphragm paralysis | 7 (3) | 6 (4) | 1 (1) |
| Bronchopulmonary dysplasia | 6 (3) | 5 (3) | 1 (1) |
| Other neuromuscular condition | 5 (2) | 4 (3) | 1 (1) |
| Congenital heart disease | 4 (2) | 4 (3) | - |
| Spina bifida | 2 (1) | 2 (1) | - |
| Spinal cord injury | 2 (1) | 2 (1) | - |
| Brain injury/mass | 2 (1) | 1 (1) | 1 (1) |
| Insurance | |||
| Public | 115 (51) | 74 (49) | 41 (55) |
| Private | 77 (34) | 68 (45) | 9 (12) |
| Public and private | 34 (15) | 10 (7) | 24 (32) |
CCHS, congenital central hypoventilation syndrome; HMV, home mechanical ventilation; IQR, interquartile range