Openness* |
Describes original, independent, creative and daring behavior [9, 30, 87, 88]. |
Conscientiousness* |
Desribes how careful, reliable, hardworking and organized is one [9, 30, 87, 88]. |
Extraversion* |
Sociable, talkative, fun-loving and affectionate [9, 30, 87, 88]. |
Agreeableness* |
Good-natured, softhearted, trusting and courteous [9, 30, 87, 88]. |
Neuroticism* |
Describes worried, insecure, nervous and highly strung state [9, 30, 87, 88]. |
Self-esteem |
A 10-item instrument to define the “feeling of self-worth”. Example items are “I feel that I have a number of good qualities” and “I certainly feel useless at times” [15]. |
Narcissism |
A 18-item instrument (Narcissistic Admiration and Rivalry Questionnaire) describing a “grandiose view of the self, a strong sense of entitlement and superiority, as well as tendencies to show dominant, charming, bragging, and aggressive behaviors” [19]. |
Perceived stress |
A 14-item instrument (Perceived Stress Scale) that measures “the degree to which situations in one’s life are appraised as stressful” [28]. |
Locus of control |
A 29-item instrument (I-E Rotter Scale) to measure “the extent to which a person perceives a reward or reinforcement as contingent on his own behavior (internal locus) or as dependent on chance or environmental control (external locus)” [29, 32] |
Satisfaction with life |
A 5-item instrument (Satisfaction with life scale) that measures “life satisfaction as a cognitive-judgmental process”. An example item is “In most ways my life is close to my ideal” [34, 35]. |
Loneliness |
A 25-item instrument (UCLA Loneliness Scale) describing the “perceived loneliness” [38, 89]. |