(A) iCVD scheme for coating of PHEMA on the catheters. Each catheter has an outer and inner diameter of 2 and 1 mm, respectively. There are a series of intake holes, 0.5 mm in diameter, near the blind end that are arranged as eight holes spaced 1 mm apart in four rows at 90° apart around the tube circumference. (B) Free radical polymerization reaction to form PHEMA using HEMA monomer and TBPO initiator. With the cooling stage and heated filaments at 25 and 300 °C, respectively, and the reactor pressure at 0.1 Torr, the actual temperature of the catheter surface was recorded to be ≈50 °C.