FIG. 1. Mesoscale network methods can address activity, connectivity, or the two together.

In the human brain, the structural connectome supports a diverse repertoire of functional brain dynamics, ranging from the patterns of activity across individual brain regions to the dynamic patterns of connectivity between brain regions. Current methods to study the brain as a networked system usually address connectivity alone (either static or dynamic) or activity alone. Methods developed to address the relations between connectivity and activity are few in number, and further efforts connecting them will be an important area for future growth in the field. In particular, the development of methods in which activity and connectivity can be weighted differently – such as is possible in annotated graphs, which we review later in this article – could provide much-needed insight into their complimentary roles in neural processing.