Table 1. Operation details and outcomes of patients with minimum 15 months follow-up.

Preop, preoperative; ODI, Oswestry disability index; Postop, postoperative; PSI, patient satisfaction index (1=excellent outcome, 2=good, 3=fair, 4=poor); ROM, ranges of motion; NDI, neck disability indiex; ESP, elastic spine pad; LARS, ligament advanced reinforcement system.

^a)ESP, ESP lumbar arthroplasty/FH Orthopaedics, France; ^b)M6C/M6L, Spinal Kinetics (USA).