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. 2017 Dec 20;7:17886. doi: 10.1038/s41598-017-18183-3

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© The Author(s) 2017

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Startle responses. T-scores of the startle magnitude are depicted in the anxiety context (CTX+), safety context (CTX−) and corridor (ITI) separated by acquisition on the first day (A1-A5), extinction on the second day (E1-E5), and reinstatement/test phase on the third day (T1-T5). Each point on the x-axis depicts the mean of 2 trials. (A), (B) and (C) show startle responses of the VNS group (N = 25), Sham group (N = 25) and control group (N = 25), respectively. (D) depicts the startle responses of all participants (N = 75).